1
00:00:09,180 --> 00:00:11,040
I love you too, Stank.

2
00:00:11,460 --> 00:00:14,200
I hope you enjoyed our little time by there.

3
00:00:15,140 --> 00:00:23,240
I'm Strom Carlson, and this is Black Ratchet, and welcome to Be Your Own Telephone Company with Asterisk.

4
00:00:24,680 --> 00:00:29,180
Apparently Alex thought that rated this a bullshit presentation, so...

5
00:00:30,040 --> 00:00:31,660
Yes, we're very proud of that fact.

6
00:00:36,780 --> 00:00:43,380
See, if Alex thought that we're actually here, we'd give him the payphone, but I guess he's not, so you lose, Alex.

7
00:00:43,380 --> 00:00:43,900
Sorry.

8
00:00:47,280 --> 00:00:48,800
So, let's get started.

9
00:00:48,820 --> 00:00:53,860
Actually, before we get started, I just want to test the phone to make sure that our dial tone's the right volume.

10
00:01:54,760 --> 00:01:56,560
Alright, so let's get started.

11
00:01:57,900 --> 00:02:00,340
Seems like I've got these cords in the right places.

12
00:02:01,060 --> 00:02:03,440
So, first off, what is Asterisk?

13
00:02:03,440 --> 00:02:04,640
What is this damn thing?

14
00:02:05,960 --> 00:02:08,560
How many of you have no clue what Asterisk actually is?

15
00:02:11,080 --> 00:02:11,880
Sweet.

16
00:02:12,720 --> 00:02:14,100
You're in for fun.

17
00:02:14,120 --> 00:02:15,040
Lots of fun.

18
00:02:15,680 --> 00:02:17,020
What is Asterisk?

19
00:02:17,160 --> 00:02:21,020
Asterisk is a free, open-source PBX that runs on Linux.

20
00:02:21,400 --> 00:02:22,960
It is the best thing since sliced bread.

21
00:02:22,960 --> 00:02:25,000
How many of you don't know what a PBX is?

22
00:02:26,720 --> 00:02:28,500
All my phones have their friends in the front.

23
00:02:29,080 --> 00:02:30,700
PBX is a private brand exchange.

24
00:02:30,700 --> 00:02:32,040
It's a telephone system.

25
00:02:32,040 --> 00:02:34,620
In case you hadn't guessed, it's a talk about telephones.

26
00:02:35,180 --> 00:02:38,780
It was originally written by Mark Spencer of Digium back in 1999.

27
00:02:38,780 --> 00:02:41,120
It's been upgraded significantly since then.

28
00:02:41,120 --> 00:02:43,020
It's now version 1.0.8.

29
00:02:43,020 --> 00:02:43,920
It's a stable 1.0.

30
00:02:45,380 --> 00:02:47,620
1.0.9 is a stable 1.0?

31
00:02:47,780 --> 00:02:48,200
Yeah.

32
00:02:48,200 --> 00:02:48,840
Okay.

33
00:02:53,700 --> 00:02:56,700
We just ran the latest bleeding edge version.

34
00:02:56,720 --> 00:02:57,840
So, why Asterisk?

35
00:02:57,840 --> 00:02:59,540
Well, first off, it's free!

36
00:03:01,600 --> 00:03:03,040
And that's the cool part.

37
00:03:03,040 --> 00:03:09,380
A typical PBX for a business will cost you in the 5-digit range just for the hardware.

38
00:03:09,620 --> 00:03:11,580
And when you set it up, it will cost you even more.

39
00:03:11,660 --> 00:03:17,020
So if you can do this yourself, and this is very easy to do yourself, it will save you a lot of money if you're running a company.

40
00:03:17,020 --> 00:03:23,060
And if you're a hobbyist, it's really cool because you can set up your own phone network and call each other for free, and we'll get into that.

41
00:03:23,580 --> 00:03:25,720
It runs on commodity PC hardware.

42
00:03:25,720 --> 00:03:33,460
In fact, this little tiny laptop that Ratchet is typing on right now is our Asterisk PBX for the presentation.

43
00:03:34,380 --> 00:03:37,740
There's broad support for VoIP protocols and hardware.

44
00:03:38,040 --> 00:03:41,760
It's easy to interconnect with other Asterisk boxes and form your own network.

45
00:03:41,760 --> 00:03:44,300
It's configurable to do almost whatever you want it to do.

46
00:03:44,300 --> 00:03:48,820
So you can tweak it to your needs, you can write your own code to interface with things if you need to.

47
00:03:49,360 --> 00:03:54,020
Unfortunately, it won't do your dishes, but it comes close.

48
00:03:54,020 --> 00:03:57,420
We're working on the dish dial tone module.

49
00:04:04,980 --> 00:04:07,780
So let's get into the hardware of Asterisk.

50
00:04:08,500 --> 00:04:11,880
Asterisk will run on surprisingly out-of-date stuff.

51
00:04:12,120 --> 00:04:18,160
If you go to VoIPinfo.org, there's a wiki there with all sorts of information on VoIP and especially Asterisk.

52
00:04:18,160 --> 00:04:22,720
And one of the pages is this page where people post what they've gotten Asterisk to do.

53
00:04:22,720 --> 00:04:24,780
And they stress test Asterisk on various hardware.

54
00:04:25,260 --> 00:04:32,220
Someone running a 133 MHz Pentium 1 with 16 MB of RAM got 3 concurrent SIP calls going at the same time.

55
00:04:32,960 --> 00:04:35,460
And any PC you have lying around will work.

56
00:04:35,540 --> 00:04:42,060
Someone posted that they got a 2.4 GHz P4 with 512 MB of RAM to do 790 simultaneous calls.

57
00:04:43,860 --> 00:04:49,600
So you'll hit your bandwidth limit far more quickly than you'll hit the limit of your hardware.

58
00:04:52,200 --> 00:04:53,920
Here's a sample Asterisk installation.

59
00:04:53,920 --> 00:04:56,640
This is actually my rack behind my desk at home.

60
00:04:56,800 --> 00:04:59,620
So here's my Asterisk box in the corner.

61
00:05:00,780 --> 00:05:02,220
Thanks, thanks.

62
00:05:02,320 --> 00:05:03,940
I get told that a lot.

63
00:05:06,180 --> 00:05:07,460
I beg your pardon?

64
00:05:09,180 --> 00:05:11,540
Yeah, I did get the rack at Costco, actually.

65
00:05:12,600 --> 00:05:17,280
So there's the Asterisk box chilling into my mail server, my web server, my NAS box, and everything.

66
00:05:17,860 --> 00:05:20,080
There are Sun machines here.

67
00:05:20,080 --> 00:05:24,560
Asterisk is running on the PC, but people have gotten it to work on Sun machines running Linux.

68
00:05:24,560 --> 00:05:28,420
And I think someone got it to run on Solaris running on Sun hardware as well.

69
00:05:30,360 --> 00:05:32,640
So, yes.

70
00:05:34,820 --> 00:05:36,060
They all work.

71
00:05:36,060 --> 00:05:40,180
We'll have a Q&A session at the end, so we'll do that.

72
00:05:41,000 --> 00:05:46,860
There are many methods for connecting your telephones to Asterisk.

73
00:05:46,860 --> 00:05:53,120
You can get either an IP telephone, or you can connect regular analog telephones to Asterisk.

74
00:05:53,920 --> 00:05:56,800
There are IP telephones you can buy second-hand on the market.

75
00:05:56,800 --> 00:05:58,140
They're not all that expensive.

76
00:05:58,260 --> 00:06:00,120
This is the Cisco 7960.

77
00:06:00,120 --> 00:06:01,300
This is an IP phone.

78
00:06:01,840 --> 00:06:04,220
You can get those for about $250 online.

79
00:06:04,220 --> 00:06:05,500
In fact, I looked on eBay.

80
00:06:05,620 --> 00:06:08,300
I think I saw them going used for $150.

81
00:06:09,520 --> 00:06:12,320
If you look for deals, I've gotten one for $120.

82
00:06:12,320 --> 00:06:14,860
That's as low as they go right now in current market conditions.

83
00:06:18,160 --> 00:06:19,860
There's the... go ahead.

84
00:06:20,060 --> 00:06:22,100
You don't want to know what I had to do for that.

85
00:06:24,980 --> 00:06:28,640
There's the Polycom IP600, which is considered the other really good phone.

86
00:06:28,640 --> 00:06:31,660
These two are considered probably the premium-deployed telephones.

87
00:06:31,660 --> 00:06:34,120
And that's $250 online on eBay.

88
00:06:34,520 --> 00:06:36,400
There are crappy telephones you can get.

89
00:06:36,400 --> 00:06:39,840
You can get the Grandstream Budget Home 100, used about $40.

90
00:06:39,840 --> 00:06:46,980
It's roughly equivalent to that $9.95 phone you buy at the drugstore that falls apart before you even get it home.

91
00:06:47,040 --> 00:06:50,260
But it's a VoIP phone, so if you need a cheap VoIP phone, that'll work.

92
00:06:50,540 --> 00:06:55,700
And right in the mid-range, there's the Snom 190, which is about $150, $175.

93
00:06:55,940 --> 00:06:58,500
The prices have come down since we threw these slides together.

94
00:06:59,120 --> 00:07:05,280
And , I mean, there are hundreds of manufacturers making phones for Asterisk and just VoIP in general.

95
00:07:05,280 --> 00:07:07,760
So you can look around and find all sorts of stuff.

96
00:07:12,220 --> 00:07:14,540
Most VoIP phones are built the same.

97
00:07:14,540 --> 00:07:16,700
We'll get into that, actually, in the protocol section.

98
00:07:16,700 --> 00:07:20,920
So I'm actually going to ask you to hold your questions until the Q&A session at the end.

99
00:07:20,920 --> 00:07:25,280
And we'll have a queue at the telephone over there for you to ask your questions via telephone.

100
00:07:27,440 --> 00:07:29,100
You know the cool stuff's coming later.

101
00:07:29,260 --> 00:07:33,800
You can also get little terminal adapters if you want to plug your analog telephones in.

102
00:07:34,320 --> 00:07:39,000
You can buy one from Digium that speaks Asterisk's native protocol called EECS.

103
00:07:39,080 --> 00:07:40,020
And that's called the EECS-E.

104
00:07:40,020 --> 00:07:41,240
And I think I have one here.

105
00:08:01,880 --> 00:08:03,700
This is the EECS-E.

106
00:08:03,700 --> 00:08:04,900
A little tidy thing.

107
00:08:04,940 --> 00:08:09,980
You plug in an analog telephone in one end and you plug your Ethernet connection in the other end.

108
00:08:09,980 --> 00:08:12,440
And your analog phone is now a VoIP phone.

109
00:08:12,440 --> 00:08:13,460
This is $100.

110
00:08:14,760 --> 00:08:18,520
You can also get the Sephora SPA-2002.

111
00:08:18,520 --> 00:08:20,600
We've got those here running.

112
00:08:20,600 --> 00:08:22,040
And these are about $70.

113
00:08:22,040 --> 00:08:25,780
You can plug two Vana Ratchet.

114
00:08:29,540 --> 00:08:31,860
These speak SIF instead of EECS.

115
00:08:31,860 --> 00:08:36,100
You can plug two analog telephones into these and get two dial tones and that's about $70.

116
00:08:36,100 --> 00:08:41,540
You can get the Grandstream HandyTone 286 for about $65.

117
00:08:42,360 --> 00:08:44,500
That only does one, I think, that speaks SIF.

118
00:08:44,500 --> 00:08:51,460
And the old Cisco ATA-186, which is the one that Vonage used to send out, is about $50 online.

119
00:08:51,660 --> 00:08:53,860
You can also... there's tons more of these.

120
00:08:53,860 --> 00:09:02,240
There's one... the adapter that Packet 8 used to send out, the DTA-310, you can find those about $30 used online.

121
00:09:02,240 --> 00:09:07,960
And although you can't really get them working as they are, you can reflash the firmware and they become just generic SIF adapters.

122
00:09:08,480 --> 00:09:10,360
There's details for that on the website.

123
00:09:11,260 --> 00:09:14,140
You can also buy something called a Zaptel card.

124
00:09:14,240 --> 00:09:21,460
And these are cards you put in your asterisk box and you connect analog telephones and telephone lines to these cards.

125
00:09:21,560 --> 00:09:24,520
The one on the top is the TDM-400P.

126
00:09:24,520 --> 00:09:26,420
That has four little modules on it.

127
00:09:26,420 --> 00:09:34,140
You can select either FXS, which are dial tones, or FXO, which are telephone line interfaces, and put them on the card and arrange them any way you like.

128
00:09:34,880 --> 00:09:47,500
The bottom one is a T1 card, and you can... there are two versions of FXO, 405 and 410P, and the 411 and 406 have echo cancellation built into them.

129
00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:57,540
And so you can bring four primary rate ISDN interfaces into that and have 96 channels of voice going out of your asterisk box.

130
00:09:57,540 --> 00:10:05,140
Or, you know, if you've got a whole bunch of analog phones, you can get a channel bank and plug the channel bank into the T1 for your stations.

131
00:10:05,140 --> 00:10:08,960
So you can have 96 stations running off of one asterisk box with four channel banks.

132
00:10:10,960 --> 00:10:13,540
So, what are you talking about?

133
00:10:16,180 --> 00:10:21,480
Let's get into some of the protocols that asterisks use to talk to the network.

134
00:10:27,800 --> 00:10:30,460
Those are really hard to find, in my opinion.

135
00:10:30,460 --> 00:10:35,380
I mean, I've looked for them because I thought they were really cool, but I could not find them anywhere.

136
00:10:35,380 --> 00:10:39,000
I searched eBay for about a week, and I finally gave up in frustration.

137
00:10:43,760 --> 00:10:44,920
Oh, that's cool.

138
00:10:46,560 --> 00:10:53,760
Okay, for those of you who didn't hear, apparently the Linksys TAP2 is the same way as the Sapura 2000.

139
00:10:53,760 --> 00:10:57,600
It can or can't, except for it cannot be flashed permanently.

140
00:10:57,600 --> 00:11:01,600
Anyway, getting back to interconnecting asterisks, let's go adjust this.

141
00:11:05,300 --> 00:11:09,820
The main protocol for interconnecting voice over IP calls is called SIP.

142
00:11:09,820 --> 00:11:11,860
It stands for Session Initiation Protocol.

143
00:11:11,860 --> 00:11:15,160
It's a signaling protocol only.

144
00:11:15,560 --> 00:11:17,600
It only signals and sets up calls.

145
00:11:17,600 --> 00:11:21,920
All it does is contact your box and say, hey, I have a good call for you.

146
00:11:21,920 --> 00:11:23,100
You might want to connect to it.

147
00:11:23,100 --> 00:11:24,460
It's on this IP address.

148
00:11:24,460 --> 00:11:33,400
At which point, it connects to the IP address with a protocol called RTP, which stands for Real-Time Transport Protocol.

149
00:11:34,480 --> 00:11:37,980
It was developed by the ITF, not ITU.

150
00:11:37,980 --> 00:11:40,180
It uses URLs instead of telephone numbers.

151
00:11:40,180 --> 00:11:44,480
For example, you won't connect to 3-1-1-5-5-5-2-3-6-8.

152
00:11:44,480 --> 00:11:50,300
You'll enter it into SIP, stromcharleston.com, which doesn't work on Thread.

153
00:11:50,560 --> 00:11:52,900
It's intended to be a peer-to-peer protocol.

154
00:11:53,060 --> 00:11:54,940
It's not like a general server.

155
00:11:54,940 --> 00:11:57,160
It goes to my box next to Strom's.

156
00:11:57,300 --> 00:12:02,060
It doesn't have to contact anybody for it to work.

157
00:12:02,060 --> 00:12:04,040
There are certain caveats to that.

158
00:12:04,040 --> 00:12:05,340
We'll get into those later.

159
00:12:05,340 --> 00:12:08,660
The main advantage of SIP is that it's very ubiquitous.

160
00:12:08,660 --> 00:12:10,060
It's supported by everybody.

161
00:12:10,060 --> 00:12:15,220
If you talk about VoIP, anything post-1998, it uses SIP.

162
00:12:16,060 --> 00:12:25,180
Packet 8, Broad Voice, essentially all the major providers use SIP, with the exception of AT&T called Vantage, which I'll cover later.

163
00:12:25,420 --> 00:12:27,660
It does not play well with NAT.

164
00:12:27,660 --> 00:12:29,520
It's very hard to actually set up with NAT.

165
00:12:29,520 --> 00:12:32,760
You have to start poking holes in your firewall for the RTP.

166
00:12:32,760 --> 00:12:40,900
And, for example, if you start connecting out to another box, say I'm behind NAT and I try to call Strom, it'll say, oh, connect to my box.

167
00:12:40,900 --> 00:12:46,180
I'm at 192.168.0.252, and Strom's loss of VoIP.

168
00:12:47,020 --> 00:12:49,700
So there's a lot of workarounds for it.

169
00:12:49,700 --> 00:12:53,240
What you have to do is you have to tell it to, you know, this is my external IP address.

170
00:12:53,240 --> 00:12:54,660
Use this for everything.

171
00:12:54,980 --> 00:12:57,480
Don't care about whatever your IP address is.

172
00:12:57,580 --> 00:13:00,060
However, in my opinion, it's a bit of a kludge.

173
00:13:00,880 --> 00:13:05,180
The other protocol, before there was SIP, there was H.323.

174
00:13:05,180 --> 00:13:07,700
It was developed in 1996 by the ITU.

175
00:13:08,600 --> 00:13:16,300
It's really far more similar to traditional protocols that are used by telephone networks, as opposed to SIP.

176
00:13:16,620 --> 00:13:18,540
Like, for example, SS7 or something.

177
00:13:18,540 --> 00:13:20,540
It's more similar to that.

178
00:13:20,560 --> 00:13:28,180
Again, it uses RTP for media transport, and it's used internally a lot by inter-exchange carriers.

179
00:13:28,180 --> 00:13:33,100
And it's very unpopular in the VoIP world, because it isn't a fair setup.

180
00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:36,420
And it's, like I said, a major pain in the ass to get it working correctly.

181
00:13:36,980 --> 00:13:37,980
Hold on.

182
00:13:38,360 --> 00:13:42,600
Although, by the way, although this is a telephone talk, please turn your ringers off.

183
00:13:42,600 --> 00:13:43,540
Thank you.

184
00:13:43,960 --> 00:13:46,880
Come on, I figured let's discriminate her against telephone users.

185
00:13:47,640 --> 00:13:53,720
We actually were hanging, Strom was hanging out in Pound Asterisk one day on IRC.3dome.net, for anyone interested.

186
00:13:53,720 --> 00:13:58,780
And JerJer, who's one of the major contributors in Asterisk, made the following quote.

187
00:13:58,780 --> 00:14:01,840
Just don't use H3.3, and all your problems will be solved.

188
00:14:01,840 --> 00:14:04,120
Which, technically, is correct.

189
00:14:05,120 --> 00:14:09,960
Now, for Asterisk, there's a main protocol, and as you can tell, it's based on Asterisk.

190
00:14:09,960 --> 00:14:11,840
It's called intra-asterisk exchange.

191
00:14:11,840 --> 00:14:15,320
It was developed by Mark Spencer of Digium, the guy who wrote Asterisk.

192
00:14:15,320 --> 00:14:17,740
And it covers both signaling and media transport.

193
00:14:17,740 --> 00:14:20,080
It's a very streamlined, very simple protocol.

194
00:14:20,080 --> 00:14:27,780
What Mark wanted to do is he wanted to, you know, took a look at SIP, took a look at H3.23, and said, Boy, these are crap.

195
00:14:27,820 --> 00:14:29,240
Let's go design a mining protocol.

196
00:14:29,640 --> 00:14:32,780
It does not suffer from NAT traversal issues.

197
00:14:32,960 --> 00:14:40,660
For example, I'm behind a firewall I call Strom, and, you know, it knows that where I'm coming from, you know, it knows where to connect.

198
00:14:40,660 --> 00:14:44,560
It doesn't actually, you know, say, hey, I have an IP address here, which could be wrong.

199
00:14:45,420 --> 00:14:50,000
Data signaling happened via UDP on port 4569.

200
00:14:50,000 --> 00:14:55,240
That's the only thing you have to open up in your firewall as opposed to RTP, which I think you have to open about 15,000 ports for.

201
00:14:55,760 --> 00:14:57,980
Very well supported by Asterisk.

202
00:14:59,420 --> 00:15:02,840
However, the support in terminal equipment is very rare.

203
00:15:02,840 --> 00:15:08,020
The only ETA that supports it is the ICSI by Digium that makes it.

204
00:15:08,240 --> 00:15:12,380
I've also noticed that one phone recently started to support it.

205
00:15:12,380 --> 00:15:14,100
It's called a NetWeb302.

206
00:15:14,100 --> 00:15:15,820
It's actually made in China.

207
00:15:16,300 --> 00:15:18,880
And the only place you can get it is someplace in Delaware.

208
00:15:19,640 --> 00:15:20,440
Telephone.

209
00:15:20,880 --> 00:15:22,600
Could you shut off the ringer, please?

210
00:15:22,860 --> 00:15:24,420
I'm testing for later.

211
00:15:24,960 --> 00:15:26,560
The nerve of some people.

212
00:15:29,720 --> 00:15:36,800
It's a protocol for many PSTN termination providers because, you know, a lot of PSTN termination providers, they use Asterisk.

213
00:15:36,800 --> 00:15:37,840
It all works.

214
00:15:37,840 --> 00:15:38,460
Just set it up.

215
00:15:38,460 --> 00:15:39,500
It's fire and forget.

216
00:15:39,660 --> 00:15:42,800
I think I set it up in one of my accounts about a year ago.

217
00:15:42,800 --> 00:15:44,520
I haven't touched configuration settings.

218
00:15:44,520 --> 00:15:45,700
It just works.

219
00:15:46,820 --> 00:15:50,820
The other protocols are the Media Gateway Control Protocol, MGCP.

220
00:15:50,820 --> 00:15:52,360
That's the other protocol I was talking about.

221
00:15:52,360 --> 00:15:54,140
It's used by AT&T called Vantage.

222
00:15:54,340 --> 00:15:56,380
I'm not sure if they still use it, but they did.

223
00:15:56,560 --> 00:16:03,700
I bought an old ETA firm on eBay, and I had to reflash it and do all kinds of annoying things to actually get it working with Asterisk.

224
00:16:03,700 --> 00:16:05,100
But the support is there.

225
00:16:05,400 --> 00:16:09,300
The other thing is Cisco's Skinny Client Control Protocol.

226
00:16:09,800 --> 00:16:11,320
It's used by Cisco phones.

227
00:16:11,320 --> 00:16:12,340
This actually uses SIP.

228
00:16:12,340 --> 00:16:13,940
This doesn't use SCCP right now.

229
00:16:13,940 --> 00:16:18,860
You can choose with the Cisco phones to use either SIP or SCCP.

230
00:16:18,860 --> 00:16:20,280
They're different firmware images.

231
00:16:20,900 --> 00:16:23,500
Not all Cisco phones support SIP.

232
00:16:23,500 --> 00:16:30,760
For example, I have an older version that was made in the early 2000s, and it only uses SCCP.

233
00:16:30,760 --> 00:16:32,000
There's support for it.

234
00:16:32,000 --> 00:16:34,520
It's not the best in the world, but it works.

235
00:16:34,520 --> 00:16:39,060
I mean, I can only have one line on the phone, and three-way calling is an issue.

236
00:16:40,960 --> 00:16:46,200
There are two different SCCP implementations for Asterisk, and they both kind of suck.

237
00:16:47,200 --> 00:16:50,140
Chan SCCP2 doesn't suck as bad.

238
00:16:53,140 --> 00:16:55,900
But that's kind of like being the tallest midget.

239
00:16:55,900 --> 00:16:56,960
Yeah, exactly.

240
00:17:00,200 --> 00:17:03,960
Since Strom is the Kodak Nazi, we'll just sort of choose this one for him.

241
00:17:03,960 --> 00:17:07,020
I'm a Kodak Nazi now, in addition to being a spelling and grammar Nazi.

242
00:17:12,920 --> 00:17:13,980
It's a compliment.

243
00:17:15,220 --> 00:17:23,680
So anyway, basically, there are many different codecs that you can use to encode voice with Asterisk.

244
00:17:23,680 --> 00:17:27,540
And we're going to go over what they are, what they do, and what they sound like.

245
00:17:28,920 --> 00:17:32,280
In order to understand codecs, you need to understand how digital audio works.

246
00:17:32,280 --> 00:17:34,760
How many of you don't really know how digital audio works?

247
00:17:36,480 --> 00:17:37,360
Okay.

248
00:17:37,360 --> 00:17:41,060
Well, I don't want to see too many hands go up, so I'll kind of go over this quickly then.

249
00:17:41,260 --> 00:17:46,120
Basically, you have an analog waveform, and this is divided up into a number of little slices of time.

250
00:17:47,260 --> 00:17:53,700
So you have an analog bunch of different slices of analog audio.

251
00:17:53,820 --> 00:17:58,080
These are pulses of analog amplitudes called pulse-amplitude modulation.

252
00:17:58,140 --> 00:18:00,300
So you've got time division, but it's still analog.

253
00:18:00,780 --> 00:18:06,640
What happens is these values are then quantized into digital values.

254
00:18:06,640 --> 00:18:08,140
This is called pulse-code modulation.

255
00:18:08,280 --> 00:18:12,400
PCM is what you use when you talk on a telephone, on a regular telephone call.

256
00:18:12,400 --> 00:18:14,700
And it's also what you hear when you play a CD.

257
00:18:16,440 --> 00:18:20,680
So what happens is the values are quantized between 1 and negative 1.

258
00:18:20,680 --> 00:18:26,740
So depending on how much resolution you want to give to the values, you can specify more.

259
00:18:26,740 --> 00:18:35,060
The way mu law works, what mu law is, is the companding scheme that the analog telephone network uses.

260
00:18:35,060 --> 00:18:39,680
Whenever you make a regular long-distance call or a regular local call, you're using mu law.

261
00:18:39,800 --> 00:18:45,900
It's 64 kilobits per second, and what happens is it's a logarithmic scale.

262
00:18:45,900 --> 00:18:54,260
So more resolution is given to the lower amplitudes, where most of the voice frequency is, in order to give you the impression of 16-bit audio.

263
00:18:54,740 --> 00:19:02,440
What actually happens is it's only 8-bit audio, but it sounds far closer to 16 because of the companding.

264
00:19:03,680 --> 00:19:08,820
But however, for some people, 64 kilobits per second is still way too high for bandwidth.

265
00:19:08,920 --> 00:19:16,080
They're greedy, or they have less bandwidth, and they want to be able to send phone calls over less bandwidth.

266
00:19:16,080 --> 00:19:20,200
So there are many different ways of compressing this already compressed audio.

267
00:19:21,860 --> 00:19:28,800
Adaptive differential pulse code modulation, well first, differential pulse code modulation, uses 4 bits to describe the change from the last value.

268
00:19:28,800 --> 00:19:33,020
What mu law does, and PCM does, is it actually describes each value individually.

269
00:19:33,020 --> 00:19:36,600
This one it says, you know, go down 4, go up 2, and so on.

270
00:19:37,300 --> 00:19:42,280
Regardless of the original source resolution, regular DPCM just uses 4 bits.

271
00:19:42,760 --> 00:19:52,420
Adaptive differential PCM uses a varying number of bits, depending on the complexity of that sample, but it's still 32 kilobits per second, so they have to scrim somewhere.

272
00:19:52,960 --> 00:19:56,120
It sounds almost like mu law, but not quite.

273
00:19:57,220 --> 00:20:02,540
There's also LPC, and this is the basis for a lot of what you find in cell phone codecs.

274
00:20:02,720 --> 00:20:09,820
It's linear predictive coding, and it basically, it's pretty complex, but the basic thing is that it uses vocoders to compress speech.

275
00:20:09,920 --> 00:20:18,140
And it tends to work pretty well for speech, but there's a lot of electronic music nowadays that has the vocoders that have the singing synthesizer effect in the song.

276
00:20:18,240 --> 00:20:22,820
So, actually if you listen closely to talking on a cell phone, you'll begin to hear that.

277
00:20:24,120 --> 00:20:28,540
And you can actually use all these codecs with Asterisk and VoIP.

278
00:20:29,620 --> 00:20:35,260
So, again, voice on the PSTN is 64 kilobits per second, synchronous bandwidth for wireline telephones.

279
00:20:35,580 --> 00:20:46,420
North American uses mu law companding, most of the rest of the world uses a-law companding, which is almost identical, but slightly different, but for all intents and purposes, they sound exactly the same.

280
00:20:47,000 --> 00:20:56,080
If you're in 64 kilobits, if you're doing something called bit-probing, which is basically to give you supervision in band on one of the digital channels, you get 56 kilobits per second.

281
00:20:56,080 --> 00:20:57,900
But for the most part, it sounds the same.

282
00:20:58,380 --> 00:21:03,380
On mobile phones, you only get 4 to 13 kilobits per second for your voice.

283
00:21:03,420 --> 00:21:05,780
Which is why mobile phones sound so horrible.

284
00:21:08,160 --> 00:21:11,460
So, speech compression does have a lot of costs.

285
00:21:11,460 --> 00:21:16,740
First off, if you're running it on your Asterisk box, you have to transcode from mu law to the codec.

286
00:21:16,740 --> 00:21:20,300
And in order to be able to hear it, you have to transcode back from the codec to mu law.

287
00:21:20,660 --> 00:21:23,700
So, there's an increased CPU load that's required.

288
00:21:23,700 --> 00:21:37,160
That box that does 790 simultaneous calls, if you have it do GSM or one of the lower bandwidth codecs, I think that drops down to maybe 100 simultaneous calls.

289
00:21:38,120 --> 00:21:42,120
There's no guarantee that two pieces of equipment will speak the same codecs.

290
00:21:42,120 --> 00:21:50,920
A lot of times, the Seporas speak mu law and then G.726, I think.

291
00:21:50,920 --> 00:21:52,640
And then some of the other codecs.

292
00:21:52,920 --> 00:21:55,000
But , yes.

293
00:21:56,940 --> 00:22:00,840
But, you know, I think we're going to have to keep track of whether this is on or off.

294
00:22:04,800 --> 00:22:06,240
Thank you.

295
00:22:06,540 --> 00:22:09,580
But I think the EECSY only speaks mu law.

296
00:22:10,400 --> 00:22:13,540
And there are things that just speak certain codecs, and it's a mess.

297
00:22:13,540 --> 00:22:18,180
I mean, there's no guarantee that any pieces of equipment will be able to talk to each other unless you use mu law.

298
00:22:18,660 --> 00:22:21,620
Some codecs require licensing.

299
00:22:21,900 --> 00:22:23,100
Oh, and one thing I forgot to mention.

300
00:22:23,100 --> 00:22:27,080
If you're using non-standard fit rates for some of these codecs, then you're really in trouble.

301
00:22:27,340 --> 00:22:29,860
Some codecs require you to pay licenses to use them.

302
00:22:29,860 --> 00:22:33,360
There's a codec that... actually, we'll get into that in another slide.

303
00:22:33,460 --> 00:22:35,800
And codecs don't handle all kinds of sounds well.

304
00:22:36,840 --> 00:22:39,840
People will generally have trouble understanding certain words.

305
00:22:39,840 --> 00:22:46,660
A friend of mine says that every time he calls up a restaurant to make a reservation, they cannot understand the word north.

306
00:22:47,260 --> 00:22:50,780
It's always interpreted as something else from his mobile phone.

307
00:22:50,780 --> 00:22:52,620
No one ever gets north right.

308
00:22:53,440 --> 00:23:02,020
It's difficult to understand anyone who has poor diction, because these are designed under the assumption that people who are using them tend to enunciate well.

309
00:23:02,020 --> 00:23:06,620
And music on hold in codec land is absolute torture.

310
00:23:06,960 --> 00:23:09,300
You can gouge your eyes out if you really want to.

311
00:23:09,300 --> 00:23:12,440
I mean, I want to do that every time I'm on hold on my mobile phone.

312
00:23:16,230 --> 00:23:18,490
It is that bad sometimes.

313
00:23:18,650 --> 00:23:22,670
There's one we'll demonstrate that is that bad.

314
00:23:22,670 --> 00:23:24,930
There's a documented case in Arkansas.

315
00:23:26,430 --> 00:23:29,130
Apologies to anyone from Arkansas here.

316
00:23:32,390 --> 00:23:33,490
Here's the benefits.

317
00:23:33,490 --> 00:23:34,970
Each call uses less bandwidth.

318
00:23:34,970 --> 00:23:36,450
That's it.

319
00:23:37,710 --> 00:23:41,730
I wish there were more, because that slide looks really empty, but that's it.

320
00:23:43,730 --> 00:23:45,630
Here's what Asterisk supports.

321
00:23:45,630 --> 00:23:49,810
G.711, which is 64 kilobit per second ULA or ALAW companding.

322
00:23:50,170 --> 00:23:53,790
G.726, which is 32 kilobit per second ADPCM.

323
00:23:54,070 --> 00:24:02,670
G.729, which is 8 kilobit per second CSACELP, which is Conjugate Structure and Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction.

324
00:24:02,670 --> 00:24:05,870
That requires a license from Digium to purchase.

325
00:24:06,450 --> 00:24:08,730
We're going to demonstrate that codec later.

326
00:24:08,910 --> 00:24:16,470
Just in order for me to be able to call Ratchet's box and have one telephone conversation over the codec, we each had to pay $10.

327
00:24:17,950 --> 00:24:24,030
That's only for one call, so if you want to have more than one call using this codec, $10 a call for the licenses.

328
00:24:25,850 --> 00:24:27,490
Not per instance.

329
00:24:27,490 --> 00:24:29,950
Yeah, simultaneous calls.

330
00:24:29,950 --> 00:24:35,810
So if you only buy five licenses, you cannot have more than five simultaneous calls running on that codec.

331
00:24:36,050 --> 00:24:40,230
So if it were $10 a call, I think no one would use this thing.

332
00:24:40,230 --> 00:24:44,010
It would be like being back in those days.

333
00:24:44,010 --> 00:24:46,050
Or if it was developed by Microsoft.

334
00:24:46,770 --> 00:24:51,750
Here's the Internet Low Bandwidth Codec, which is a 13.3 kilobit per second linear prediction coding.

335
00:24:51,750 --> 00:24:53,350
This is what Skype uses.

336
00:24:53,350 --> 00:24:55,350
I mean, I've heard people rave about Skype.

337
00:24:55,350 --> 00:24:55,810
I hear it.

338
00:24:55,810 --> 00:24:57,390
I hear it just like ILBC.

339
00:24:58,630 --> 00:25:01,530
There's also Speaks, which is an open source codec.

340
00:25:01,530 --> 00:25:04,050
I think it's based on like the Ogg Vorbis stuff.

341
00:25:04,330 --> 00:25:08,010
And that's also 13.3 kilobit per second codec-sided linear prediction.

342
00:25:08,330 --> 00:25:15,090
And finally, for those of you who are on dial-up, there's LPC10, which is 2.4 kilobit per second.

343
00:25:15,230 --> 00:25:18,350
It sounds more ghastly than you can possibly imagine.

344
00:25:20,730 --> 00:25:22,230
Yes, that's the one.

345
00:25:22,990 --> 00:25:31,790
So in order to do a comparison of all these codecs, we figured we'd play some audio for you using each of the codecs.

346
00:25:31,790 --> 00:25:37,250
And so I decided, you know, I could do just talking, but that would get boring after about 25 seconds.

347
00:25:37,250 --> 00:25:43,570
So as proof that you can find anything on Craigslist, I found this song that this band let us use for free.

348
00:25:43,570 --> 00:25:51,190
So apologies if it's not up to your musical standard or your musical taste, but it's free, so be happy.

349
00:25:51,190 --> 00:25:52,170
I like it.

350
00:25:52,170 --> 00:25:53,250
I like it, too.

351
00:25:53,250 --> 00:25:57,630
It gets stuck in my head every time I hear it, and it's really annoying when he uses this version.

352
00:25:57,630 --> 00:25:58,230
Yes.

353
00:26:00,890 --> 00:26:04,070
Wait, so let me, um, let me cue it up here.

354
00:26:13,420 --> 00:26:14,140
Okay.

355
00:28:29,030 --> 00:28:31,850
If they ever get a recording contract, buy their album.

356
00:28:31,850 --> 00:28:33,610
We promise we'll give them a bargain.

357
00:28:33,610 --> 00:28:34,370
Yeah, we promise.

358
00:28:34,370 --> 00:28:40,830
Also, if you really like the song, I think there's a copy on your asterisk, not on your asterisk, on your Defcon CD.

359
00:28:40,830 --> 00:28:48,550
Also on your Defcon CD, there's the full copy of that song in every codec we just demonstrated, so you can listen to them and compare for yourself.

360
00:28:48,550 --> 00:28:51,990
We won't be responsible if you listen to the whole thing in LPC 10.

361
00:28:52,370 --> 00:28:53,030
Yeah.

362
00:28:54,650 --> 00:29:07,570
So let's talk about getting Asterisk to talk to the real phone network, because this is all fun and cool, but it's going to be kind of limited in use if you can't talk to, you know, your mobile phone or your mother or somebody on the street.

363
00:29:09,030 --> 00:29:17,130
There are various providers that, um, that you can use to terminate the public telephone network, and we're going to go into one of them.

364
00:29:17,130 --> 00:29:18,210
It's called Nuphone.

365
00:29:18,510 --> 00:29:21,370
Nuphone, uh, well, you know more about Nuphone than I do.

366
00:29:21,370 --> 00:29:22,190
Why don't you tell them?

367
00:29:26,770 --> 00:29:35,010
The plus about Nuphone is that they have cheap rates, not as cheap as some other voice-over ID providers, but pretty decent rates.

368
00:29:35,410 --> 00:29:37,350
They're very geared toward Asterisk.

369
00:29:37,350 --> 00:29:45,070
I believe they support this only under a nice public high-pride, saying, you know, I want to be assisted by, you know, a supporter or some other ADA.

370
00:29:45,450 --> 00:29:56,450
One of the things that I like about them, and at least my experience with my first provider, is that you can set your caller ID outcomes, which has some interesting, you know, applications to it.

371
00:29:56,450 --> 00:29:57,710
I'll cover that later.

372
00:29:58,050 --> 00:30:04,310
Um, and also the really cool thing about Nuphone, and I think it's their best feature, is they have insanely cheap provisioning.

373
00:30:04,670 --> 00:30:10,930
I never thought anywhere in my life I would ever have to find 800 numbers for my name, but I do.

374
00:30:11,550 --> 00:30:15,490
I, seriously, I click them and they send you an email saying, here's your 800 numbers.

375
00:30:15,490 --> 00:30:23,230
You can actually do vanity 800 numbers for them, like if we wanted to buy 800 Asterisks, I don't know how many characters it is.

376
00:30:23,530 --> 00:30:25,510
I've forgotten how many 800 numbers I own.

377
00:30:25,510 --> 00:30:32,950
Anyway, it takes a little longer for that, and they charge you a fee, but, you know, for any old 800 number that you want, it's just, you know, poof, it's yours.

378
00:30:33,390 --> 00:30:34,750
They're very easygoing.

379
00:30:34,830 --> 00:30:44,750
When I first set up my account with them, I'm not sure how they do that, but when I first set up my account with them, I said, oh, you know, we tell you, you know, we send you some money, what happens when that money's out, are you going to shut off my service?

380
00:30:44,750 --> 00:30:49,690
He said, no, we'll just send you a reminder email, you know, we'll just, you know, send it off.

381
00:30:49,690 --> 00:30:52,450
You won't turn off your service or anything, we'll just send you some money.

382
00:30:53,610 --> 00:30:56,510
They also have something called caller ID number for delivery.

383
00:30:56,510 --> 00:31:00,430
How many people are familiar with SS7 and the difference between CPN and CID?

384
00:31:01,550 --> 00:31:02,750
Oh, good amount of people do.

385
00:31:02,790 --> 00:31:06,790
Anyway, CPN is sort of like caller ID on steroids.

386
00:31:08,170 --> 00:31:10,710
It's a little more speedy than caller ID.

387
00:31:10,710 --> 00:31:14,070
You can actually do 9 times out of 10 unless you know what you're doing.

388
00:31:14,130 --> 00:31:17,830
CPN is usually very free-flow and you can't change it.

389
00:31:18,150 --> 00:31:21,110
Of course, you know, you're probably laughing at me.

390
00:31:22,210 --> 00:31:26,730
It's, caller ID on steroids is a little more free-flow and it's harder to mistake it, theoretically.

391
00:31:27,430 --> 00:31:31,990
They also have, quite recently, they have a blocker on deletion projects.

392
00:31:31,990 --> 00:31:41,090
Now, for the longest time, what would happen is, you know, like, your call would not go through or you'd get an intercept saying, like, the number you've been calling has been changed, so and so.

393
00:31:41,090 --> 00:31:43,130
It wouldn't actually work like that.

394
00:31:43,930 --> 00:31:49,690
And for someone like me, who's phone-free and enjoys calling intercepts, it was a bit of a bummer.

395
00:31:49,990 --> 00:31:56,030
But, you know, a couple weeks ago, oh, a couple months ago, by now, they actually turned it on.

396
00:31:56,030 --> 00:32:07,110
I called with a payphone out in Boston and I got, you know, I'm sorry, the phone number you've reached is not accepted.

397
00:32:07,110 --> 00:32:12,090
I literally picked up the phone and called him and said, who funds this proper conversation?

398
00:32:12,090 --> 00:32:13,950
And he was jumping out like a sleight of hand.

399
00:32:13,950 --> 00:32:15,050
He was too gross on the net.

400
00:32:17,290 --> 00:32:19,630
It was very exciting for me.

401
00:32:20,710 --> 00:32:32,850
CONSTED, directed for dial numbers, which are basically numbers you would call on, you would set up on the PSTN, so mom, dad, you know, your sister, someone who doesn't have an asterisk can call you and actually reach you on your woodline.

402
00:32:32,850 --> 00:32:39,290
The only numbers they have are in Michigan, which for me, I guess, is okay because no one really calls me on woodlines besides him.

403
00:32:40,150 --> 00:32:44,030
And they're also not too freak-friendly, despite being very easygoing.

404
00:32:44,030 --> 00:32:51,590
For example, during Strong and Lucky 55's presentation last year on freaking in the age of voice over IP, was it?

405
00:32:51,590 --> 00:32:53,150
Yeah, I think it was something like that.

406
00:32:53,270 --> 00:32:57,690
They sent them a cease and desist letter saying, no, they didn't send me a cease and desist letter.

407
00:32:57,730 --> 00:32:59,590
Who did they send a cease and desist letter?

408
00:32:59,590 --> 00:33:01,490
Was it not there yet?

409
00:33:01,570 --> 00:33:02,210
It's not there yet.

410
00:33:02,210 --> 00:33:02,950
Stand up.

411
00:33:03,770 --> 00:33:04,430
Here's Mr.

412
00:33:04,430 --> 00:33:05,110
Cease and Desist.

413
00:33:05,110 --> 00:33:11,670
This is the man who's on Jeremy McNamara's shit list.

414
00:33:11,670 --> 00:33:17,130
He basically said, you know, if you do this, I will terminate your account and ban you for life from New Phone.

415
00:33:19,230 --> 00:33:20,870
I haven't heard a peep out of him.

416
00:33:21,670 --> 00:33:23,270
Okay, we're just going to...

417
00:33:24,270 --> 00:33:26,290
Oh, they stopped carrying CPM this week.

418
00:33:27,370 --> 00:33:28,230
Oh, great.

419
00:33:28,230 --> 00:33:31,750
This is what we did.

420
00:33:42,560 --> 00:33:45,320
We used to like Astrolink until this weekend.

421
00:33:49,220 --> 00:33:57,840
Astrolink, for the most part, for me, has been reliable, although this week has been a whole other bag of forms which we'll get into later.

422
00:33:58,380 --> 00:34:02,700
You can get your inbound termination via toll-free numbers.

423
00:34:02,700 --> 00:34:04,380
And, of course, AMI-II.

424
00:34:04,380 --> 00:34:06,640
How many of you do not know what AMI-II is?

425
00:34:08,500 --> 00:34:10,860
AMI-II is the class of service.

426
00:34:10,860 --> 00:34:17,880
So you can tell whether your calls are coming in from an AMI phone or a mobile phone or a pay phone, what type of pay phone.

427
00:34:17,880 --> 00:34:20,340
You can see whether your calls are coming in from a person or two.

428
00:34:21,600 --> 00:34:24,220
And Astrolink does also proper call completion.

429
00:34:24,480 --> 00:34:30,020
So if you get the PPM at the port and your numbers have changed, you can do that.

430
00:34:30,020 --> 00:34:33,860
The con of the AMI-II interface is that it's a little bit clunky.

431
00:34:35,280 --> 00:34:36,960
It's actually gotten better.

432
00:34:36,960 --> 00:34:40,560
I was actually able to use it with Firefox for the first time this week.

433
00:34:40,740 --> 00:34:45,060
But I had to try it for a while, so it didn't quite work right with Firefox.

434
00:34:46,140 --> 00:34:52,200
And right now, at least, they're experiencing each two different problems with some customers, namely us.

435
00:34:53,360 --> 00:34:55,160
This is why we don't like them anymore.

436
00:34:55,160 --> 00:35:00,000
But we'll get into our beef with Astrolink later.

437
00:35:00,860 --> 00:35:04,900
There's also Voice Calls Connect, which I use to do my inbound calls.

438
00:35:05,120 --> 00:35:08,120
They give you a local numbering in almost every center you want.

439
00:35:08,120 --> 00:35:11,280
You get unlimited internet minutes on inbound EECS calls.

440
00:35:11,620 --> 00:35:14,340
And you have inbound numbers for a large number of great centers.

441
00:35:14,340 --> 00:35:16,160
And it's also called a proper call program.

442
00:35:16,160 --> 00:35:22,580
The problem is, it's one of the most expensive EECS providers for outbound information.

443
00:35:23,800 --> 00:35:26,220
New Phone is about two cents a minute.

444
00:35:26,280 --> 00:35:28,360
Astrolink is also two cents a minute.

445
00:35:28,360 --> 00:35:32,840
Voice Calls Connect is, I think, it used to be 2.9 cents a minute.

446
00:35:32,840 --> 00:35:37,420
Then they dropped it down to the low, low price of 2.4 cents a minute or something like that.

447
00:35:37,420 --> 00:35:38,500
Wow, that's not ideal.

448
00:35:40,820 --> 00:35:46,180
I guess when you go landline long distance, it's five cents a minute, like my inbound call.

449
00:35:46,180 --> 00:35:47,540
There's something else you can totally keep.

450
00:35:47,540 --> 00:35:51,880
When you've got providers that do 1.3 cents a minute, you're getting better.

451
00:35:54,100 --> 00:36:02,900
And the other thing is that inbound numbers with Voice Calls Connect, my number that's on my business card is a Voice Calls Connect number.

452
00:36:02,900 --> 00:36:07,860
And for some reason, usually I have to go to a menu.

453
00:36:07,860 --> 00:36:09,280
You know, thank you for calling for strong cards.

454
00:36:09,280 --> 00:36:10,480
My PBX is strong.

455
00:36:10,480 --> 00:36:11,300
I like to be clear.

456
00:36:11,300 --> 00:36:13,180
I like to show you that I appreciate what you're doing.

457
00:36:15,220 --> 00:36:19,360
And I had someone trying to call me, and they kept pressing 2, and it would just hang up on them.

458
00:36:19,360 --> 00:36:21,800
Because my PBX never heard the 2.

459
00:36:21,920 --> 00:36:26,700
So I had to make a move directly to my mobile phone this weekend.

460
00:36:27,880 --> 00:36:29,140
Apparently, this is the first sentence.

461
00:36:29,140 --> 00:36:32,380
This is the first sentence that happened to me, but some people are having major issues with it.

462
00:36:32,380 --> 00:36:35,160
So if you're really unlucky, you're totally screwed.

463
00:36:36,740 --> 00:36:37,560
Here's VoiceJet.

464
00:36:37,560 --> 00:36:38,400
It's really cheap.

465
00:36:38,400 --> 00:36:39,800
It's 1.3 cents a minute.

466
00:36:41,840 --> 00:36:45,020
Actually, I think it's 1.29 now.

467
00:36:45,200 --> 00:36:45,680
Oh, is it?

468
00:36:45,680 --> 00:36:46,240
Wow.

469
00:36:46,520 --> 00:36:48,420
A whole mil when they dropped it.

470
00:36:49,020 --> 00:36:50,200
Hey, it adds up.

471
00:36:50,200 --> 00:36:50,760
Yeah, it does.

472
00:36:50,760 --> 00:36:51,320
It does.

473
00:36:51,720 --> 00:36:54,180
Caller ID delivery is unreliable with VoiceJet.

474
00:36:54,180 --> 00:36:58,700
You oftentimes get the number where I found the call, instead of the number that you set it to.

475
00:36:58,840 --> 00:37:02,880
There's no e-mail service that's appropriate, and there's no proper call completion.

476
00:37:02,880 --> 00:37:12,360
If you call a number that's been disconnected, and the phone company that you're giving it to says, this number has been disconnected, all you'll hear is the phone ringing and ringing and ringing.

477
00:37:12,640 --> 00:37:18,320
So you'll never know why your mother has changed her phone number in your situation.

478
00:37:19,820 --> 00:37:21,540
She doesn't love me!

479
00:37:24,740 --> 00:37:25,740
Exactly, see?

480
00:37:26,500 --> 00:37:28,860
It's because we all use LPCs now.

481
00:37:29,860 --> 00:37:31,880
There's also a company called Broadvoice.

482
00:37:32,200 --> 00:37:34,600
They have cheap PIDs in most race centers.

483
00:37:42,340 --> 00:37:44,140
They're pretty much run by phone freaks.

484
00:37:44,140 --> 00:37:49,860
In fact, when you sign up, you have them send you the kit with the ATA and everything.

485
00:37:49,860 --> 00:37:56,500
They also send you this little pin, which is this logo, with the red circle and the slash through it.

486
00:37:56,660 --> 00:38:00,020
I actually found out this weekend they also do T-shirts.

487
00:38:00,200 --> 00:38:06,960
Yes, at least one person here at DEF CON is walking around with a Broadvoice pin, with the Bell logo and the slash through it.

488
00:38:06,980 --> 00:38:10,400
So if you hear that person, please stand up and get some T-shirts.

489
00:38:11,760 --> 00:38:12,660
He's not here?

490
00:38:12,660 --> 00:38:13,260
What the hell?

491
00:38:13,260 --> 00:38:14,180
They lose.

492
00:38:14,440 --> 00:38:15,340
You lose.

493
00:38:15,720 --> 00:38:17,920
We were going to give you just like $100,000.

494
00:38:18,700 --> 00:38:20,600
They were going to get the payphone, too.

495
00:38:22,220 --> 00:38:27,200
Oh, and the other cool thing is that you get a caller ID with name for inbound calls.

496
00:38:27,200 --> 00:38:33,400
Most of these other carriers will just deliver the number, but these people will actually do a name level and deliver the name for you.

497
00:38:33,400 --> 00:38:40,860
So we'll see not just that 311-555-2368 is calling you, but that it's from Mabel's fish restaurant or something.

498
00:38:41,260 --> 00:38:43,280
The problem is that it's SIF only.

499
00:38:43,320 --> 00:38:50,960
So if you want to do EECS termination or if you're trying to firewall or something, you've got to do some sort of EECS proxy if you want it to be reliable.

500
00:38:51,360 --> 00:38:53,160
They're prone to service outages.

501
00:38:53,340 --> 00:38:57,040
I've got, you know, my dial type is the 1-plus-8-4-7 number.

502
00:38:57,040 --> 00:38:58,340
It just goes over broad voice.

503
00:39:02,120 --> 00:39:03,960
But sometimes those things can work.

504
00:39:04,360 --> 00:39:06,980
Phone support is kind of slow, although it is 24-7.

505
00:39:06,980 --> 00:39:10,520
So I guess if you call at, you know, 3 a.m., they will answer like that.

506
00:39:10,760 --> 00:39:12,000
No, they won't.

507
00:39:13,400 --> 00:39:14,340
Yeah, I try.

508
00:39:14,340 --> 00:39:15,540
They'll have to wake up first.

509
00:39:15,540 --> 00:39:17,600
Then they'll, you know, drink their coffee.

510
00:39:18,700 --> 00:39:21,520
And then the other thing is CNN delivery is also unreliable.

511
00:39:21,520 --> 00:39:25,560
So , you know, caller ID name tends to work, but it doesn't work all the time.

512
00:39:26,740 --> 00:39:30,500
So now let's get into building your asterisk network.

513
00:39:31,680 --> 00:39:33,940
Why don't you explain enum, Ben?

514
00:39:34,020 --> 00:39:37,040
Okay,

515
00:39:40,520 --> 00:39:41,400
Brandon.

516
00:39:44,510 --> 00:39:52,470
Enum was the first way to actually translate code numbers over to URLs in SIF.

517
00:39:52,470 --> 00:39:54,270
It's based on DNS.

518
00:39:54,550 --> 00:39:56,330
It allows you to read numbers and query.

519
00:39:56,450 --> 00:40:01,730
And what it does is it basically bypasses the public switch telephone network.

520
00:40:02,290 --> 00:40:06,670
So, you know, I know that 3-1-1-5-5-5-2-3-6-8 is a voice number.

521
00:40:06,670 --> 00:40:07,470
How can I do that?

522
00:40:07,470 --> 00:40:08,090
I don't know.

523
00:40:08,990 --> 00:40:15,390
So the type I can use is supposed to be used by telecom companies.

524
00:40:15,390 --> 00:40:17,450
However, there's a program out there.

525
00:40:17,510 --> 00:40:18,730
I think this is the largest one.

526
00:40:18,730 --> 00:40:19,730
I may be wrong.

527
00:40:19,750 --> 00:40:22,050
It's called 2-1-2-3-4.org.

528
00:40:22,050 --> 00:40:24,010
It's a free do-it-yourself solution.

529
00:40:24,010 --> 00:40:30,610
What you do is you register your number in 2-1-2-3-4-5-5-2-3-6-8, and you register it to a URL.

530
00:40:30,610 --> 00:40:32,370
And then someone queries their enum server

531
00:40:35,750 --> 00:40:37,410
, then, over the Internet.

532
00:40:42,720 --> 00:40:53,590
But then you realize that local exchanges can't access 2-1-1-5 numbers, and how many exchanges you've got can't access 2-1-2-3-4-5-6-8.

533
00:40:53,670 --> 00:40:56,410
I think in an area code, there's a maximum limit.

534
00:40:56,410 --> 00:40:59,370
We've always reserved 3-1-2-3-4-7-2-2 million numbers.

535
00:40:59,370 --> 00:41:01,710
And Los Angeles has how many area codes now?

536
00:41:02,070 --> 00:41:03,610
So, a lot.

537
00:41:03,710 --> 00:41:08,730
They also have 78 million special PSTN services.

538
00:41:08,730 --> 00:41:10,330
So you're essentially...

539
00:41:10,330 --> 00:41:20,500
you can offer free termination of $800, which is basically a PSTN termination service.

540
00:41:20,500 --> 00:41:22,700
You can use this, and you can dial in your numbers.

541
00:41:25,340 --> 00:41:27,200
How e-mail works...

542
00:41:28,060 --> 00:41:29,460
I left it in my car.

543
00:41:31,720 --> 00:41:32,580
Everything's in my car.

544
00:41:32,580 --> 00:41:39,300
Okay, if we all pay attention to the top, basically, I'm at the top of my phone, and I want to dial 3-1-1-5-5-5-2-3-6-8.

545
00:41:40,080 --> 00:41:40,820
Oh, yeah.

546
00:41:42,240 --> 00:41:44,260
Touchpad, marvels of modern technology.

547
00:41:44,260 --> 00:41:45,640
Yes, latest thing in Virginia.

548
00:41:46,460 --> 00:41:47,440
I'm at this telephone.

549
00:41:47,440 --> 00:41:50,100
I basically want to dial 3-1-1-5-5-5-2-3-6-8.

550
00:41:50,100 --> 00:41:53,040
So I pick up my handset, dial it, and talk to my DVX.

551
00:41:53,040 --> 00:41:56,320
It says, okay, I want to dial 3-1-1-5-5-5-2-3-6-8.

552
00:41:56,320 --> 00:41:57,460
Connect me there somehow.

553
00:41:57,460 --> 00:42:00,500
So what I set up my DVX to do is talk to a medium circle.

554
00:42:00,960 --> 00:42:05,100
And it says, hey, do you know what 3-1-1-5-5-5-2-3-6-8 is?

555
00:42:05,320 --> 00:42:07,440
And it says, yes or no.

556
00:42:07,440 --> 00:42:10,660
And essentially, in this example, it says, yes, it's a bell at telephone.com.

557
00:42:10,660 --> 00:42:19,020
So it registers that to my DVX, at which point my DVX goes, ooh, I guess I'll go over to the internet.com rather than picking up a local line.

558
00:42:19,020 --> 00:42:24,980
And it goes over the internet, and I dial 3-1-1-5-5-5-2-3-6-8 down here, which they also don't do at 3-1-1-5-5-5-2-3-6-8.

559
00:42:24,980 --> 00:42:27,480
They're also completely bypassing the BSDN.

560
00:42:28,780 --> 00:42:30,260
Email is a very...

561
00:42:30,260 --> 00:42:32,300
has a lot of problems in my opinion.

562
00:42:32,300 --> 00:42:34,900
It's a very top-down way of looking at things.

563
00:42:34,900 --> 00:42:37,920
It's centrally managed, centrally served, and centrally centralized.

564
00:42:37,920 --> 00:42:47,420
Basically, they wanted developers exactly like DNS and have, you know, 15 root servers all over the world, which is great, but no one actually has done it yet.

565
00:42:49,960 --> 00:42:54,440
And it's not being used by any BSDN developers.

566
00:42:54,520 --> 00:42:55,680
As far as we know.

567
00:42:56,300 --> 00:42:58,420
Does someone want to tell me otherwise?

568
00:43:00,800 --> 00:43:03,940
My idea is how logically they save you money, you know.

569
00:43:03,940 --> 00:43:10,940
I can charge you 5 cents a minute for, you know, and it's nowhere near where it would last.

570
00:43:11,300 --> 00:43:17,820
We're working towards a really nice solution that's starting to get there, but at the same point, you know...

571
00:43:28,880 --> 00:43:30,240
Something like that, yeah.

572
00:43:30,240 --> 00:43:32,160
So last April, what someone set out with

573
00:43:45,290 --> 00:43:48,110
is a fully peer-to-peer E164 solution.

574
00:43:48,110 --> 00:43:48,330
It's a fully peer-to-peer E164 solution .

575
00:43:48,330 --> 00:43:53,050
Basically , you know, it sets up

576
00:43:57,400 --> 00:43:59,520
your own telephone network for fresh for

577
00:44:04,530 --> 00:44:05,410
your telephone company.

578
00:44:05,410 --> 00:44:07,670
You know,

579
00:44:22,380 --> 00:44:24,200
5, 5, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4.

580
00:44:26,640 --> 00:44:45,180
So, we've got this DBS here, and it talks to this node over here, and what this node does, it only has one node, and what it does is it reaches that node, and that node talks to only this one, and it reaches the DBS node, it's got a dial, 3, 5, 5, 2, 5,

581
00:44:45,180 --> 00:44:58,710
6, at which point, it scrolls back and says, hey, 411 service, this is all it.

582
00:45:03,480 --> 00:45:12,800
Basically, it's a very good peer-to-peer setup, which has some problems with Dundee, in my opinion, also.

583
00:45:13,040 --> 00:45:33,120
To be honest, I mean, essentially, what I could start doing is I could start advertising, hey, all the numbers to the White House, send them to me, so I can, you know, start World War III, scalability, we're not sure how it's going to be still relatively small,

584
00:45:33,120 --> 00:45:36,600
but I've never seen a product like Nutella.

585
00:45:36,600 --> 00:45:38,340
Look how many problems we had with that.

586
00:45:38,820 --> 00:45:46,960
It's not officially a standard yet, we just submitted it to IETF, but as we all know, standards cost money, and these people don't have it.

587
00:45:48,080 --> 00:45:53,640
Right now, it's only officially in DBS, and we can submit it,

588
00:45:59,810 --> 00:46:10,850
and run it against 109, or 107, or whatever, and get some support in it, and in my opinion, it works fine, and also in my opinion, I think the eye of the beholder should be nice.

589
00:46:14,600 --> 00:46:19,920
Quality assurance, what quality

590
00:46:23,200 --> 00:46:39,660
assurance do you charge for your for your phone call going out over your WAN, for example, I don't have quality assurance for my WAN, or for example, for my WAN.

591
00:46:41,620 --> 00:46:42,900
There's two ways of doing it.

592
00:46:42,900 --> 00:46:43,720
Can we do this?

593
00:46:45,340 --> 00:46:47,160
No, no.

594
00:46:47,500 --> 00:46:48,760
Okay, we'll do it that way.

595
00:46:51,670 --> 00:46:54,370
Sorry, I forgot to dial something in my PBX earlier.

596
00:46:55,730 --> 00:46:58,050
Basically, there are two ways you can use QoS here.

597
00:46:58,050 --> 00:47:12,090
There's priority QoS, which can give you a way back to priority over any other factor, where you can basically reserve your WAN and turn it away and get the rest of it for it.

598
00:47:12,090 --> 00:47:15,730
But for everything that's not QoS, you get the rest of the WAN.

599
00:47:16,750 --> 00:47:21,210
I'm sure there's more about that, but I'm a phone person, not a router person.

600
00:47:21,570 --> 00:47:25,970
Many residential routers are now voice aware and will do the sort of thing right out of the box.

601
00:47:26,490 --> 00:47:42,040
And you can also if you're a control freak, or if you want to do it on a larger scale, then you can connect your router and say , hey, I've got a super router phone and I've sort of gotten working and I'm definitely not a super router person.

602
00:47:42,920 --> 00:47:47,620
So now let's get into the cool part of what you can do with Asterisk.

603
00:47:47,660 --> 00:47:54,260
And by the way, if you're watching on TV in the hotel, we've got a special thing coming up for you.

604
00:47:56,580 --> 00:47:58,040
Asterisk Gateway Interface.

605
00:47:58,080 --> 00:47:59,300
Do you want to talk about that?

606
00:48:03,360 --> 00:48:04,900
Experts on certain subjects?

607
00:48:06,640 --> 00:48:08,040
Yes, Tag Team, exactly.

608
00:48:09,820 --> 00:48:10,260
So

609
00:48:15,660 --> 00:48:16,540
, Asterisk Gateway Interface.

610
00:48:16,540 --> 00:48:20,680
What it is, is an interface for adding functionality to Asterisk.

611
00:48:20,680 --> 00:48:23,000
It basically uses standard in and standard out.

612
00:48:23,000 --> 00:48:24,280
And it's very cross-language.

613
00:48:24,280 --> 00:48:32,180
You infer, you see, you PHP, Lisp, PCL, anything that uses standard in and standard out, you can use it.

614
00:48:32,600 --> 00:48:37,980
And basically, since Asterisk is the best thing since sliced bread, I find AGI to be the best thing since sliced bread.

615
00:48:38,500 --> 00:48:41,960
Because you can basically do anything you want with it given enough time.

616
00:48:42,440 --> 00:48:44,420
Here's a simple AGI for a minute.

617
00:48:44,420 --> 00:48:45,140
Wow!

618
00:48:46,100 --> 00:48:52,180
What it is, is basically, I don't know if you can actually see it up on the screen, I apologize.

619
00:48:52,960 --> 00:48:54,340
What it does, is basically...

620
00:48:54,340 --> 00:48:55,780
It's not in your Dendy notebook?

621
00:48:57,840 --> 00:48:58,960
Oh, great.

622
00:49:00,020 --> 00:49:02,720
This is what apparently electricity parts don't work.

623
00:49:04,240 --> 00:49:08,760
So, basically, a lot of my presentation of this part hasn't been done.

624
00:49:11,260 --> 00:49:17,900
Starting from here, basically, what it is, is start on a standard in point, standard in and standard out.

625
00:49:17,900 --> 00:49:25,100
Basically, what Asterisk does is it reads all the variables in and checks all of it.

626
00:49:25,100 --> 00:49:36,780
It checks to make sure, 200 times per day, 5 times per day, that we're not sure about the quality and it means that you just keep on going.

627
00:49:38,400 --> 00:49:47,600
Basically, what happens is after you read all the variables in and make sure they're OK, what it does is, it streams a file that says, your caller ID is...

628
00:49:47,600 --> 00:49:51,220
and it says, you recheck your caller ID.

629
00:49:51,560 --> 00:49:53,400
So, here's how it works.

630
00:49:53,680 --> 00:49:55,320
I've backed up here, but

631
00:50:02,070 --> 00:50:07,270
the one we're really interested in is AGI caller ID, which says 311-555-2368.

632
00:50:07,470 --> 00:50:12,830
And then it says, after it's done feeding all the variables, it says 200 results here, it means I'm done in 41 minutes.

633
00:50:12,830 --> 00:50:16,470
It says, OK, stream file, you know, AGI caller ID.

634
00:50:19,790 --> 00:50:22,250
Then it says, OK, I'm done, what do you want me to do?

635
00:50:22,410 --> 00:50:32,530
OK, stream pages, 311-555-2368, AGI command that asterisk understands, and it goes, you know, says 3, 1, 1,

636
00:50:35,720 --> 00:50:37,720
200 results here, OK, I'm done.

637
00:50:37,760 --> 00:50:40,400
And at which point it says, hang up, I'm done.

638
00:50:41,500 --> 00:50:46,240
It takes it back to me, sends back, you know, 200 results here, I'm done now, it hangs up.

639
00:50:50,060 --> 00:50:53,180
Yes, exactly, AGI caller ID readback, ENAC.

640
00:50:56,620 --> 00:50:59,940
Now, that's a lot of work to do in what's

641
00:51:03,030 --> 00:51:07,950
called asterisk AGI, which is a Perl module for asterisk in writing AGI scripts.

642
00:51:08,270 --> 00:51:10,590
It simplifies a lot of AGI programming.

643
00:51:10,590 --> 00:51:15,450
Essentially, it takes out a lot of the dirty work and takes away everyone's doing the work that you don't have to.

644
00:51:15,450 --> 00:51:19,950
It allows the AGI to control the simple object interface in Perl.

645
00:51:20,210 --> 00:51:32,430
The problem is, I subscribed to the mailing list a few months ago, and it's been dead silent for the last few months ago, and someone said, is this mailing list still active?

646
00:51:32,550 --> 00:51:34,650
At which point I'm going to be not able to work anymore.

647
00:51:34,870 --> 00:51:41,870
Maybe I should set up another thing, or maybe a few people should sign up to it and start using it yourselves.

648
00:51:42,410 --> 00:51:50,150
What it is, is it allows the AGI to easily integrate with Perl, which easily integrates with almost anything in the known universe.

649
00:51:50,230 --> 00:51:59,910
And it's available at asterisk.uniter.net which is a very strange German word for like the longest time.

650
00:52:00,230 --> 00:52:01,610
Here's the same program.

651
00:52:01,650 --> 00:52:03,770
As you can tell, it gets a lot easier.

652
00:52:03,770 --> 00:52:07,490
I think we can test this out at least 100% to about 10 lines or so.

653
00:52:07,590 --> 00:52:15,070
So this is, you know, it reads in, you know, starts up a new object called AGI.

654
00:52:15,270 --> 00:52:21,050
You know that entire, you know, 10 line thing, check the variables, make sure they're okay.

655
00:52:21,070 --> 00:52:22,210
It does it all automatically.

656
00:52:23,710 --> 00:52:30,690
And the other feature that the other one didn't have is you did not check whether or not the person had a caller ID in the first place.

657
00:52:31,250 --> 00:52:36,410
So you basically, if you didn't have a caller ID, you did a file file saying, the caller ID is, and then it would hang up.

658
00:52:36,410 --> 00:52:45,790
Or what this one does is it checks to see if your caller ID is, you know, what this would do if you didn't have a caller ID, it would just hang up on you.

659
00:52:46,010 --> 00:52:48,310
And as I say, wow, it's easier to do.

660
00:52:48,750 --> 00:52:49,070
It

661
00:52:52,260 --> 00:52:55,380
checks to see if your caller ID is on touch-tone.

662
00:52:55,900 --> 00:52:59,700
Basically, everyone knows how to use it, including your mom.

663
00:53:00,360 --> 00:53:02,900
However, you know, it's very limited on what you can do with it.

664
00:53:02,900 --> 00:53:09,200
For example, you have to use the sign-up function to use it, or, you know, you can only use it if you have five members.

665
00:53:09,200 --> 00:53:09,940
The

666
00:53:15,530 --> 00:53:17,970
XML, it's extensible.

667
00:53:18,570 --> 00:53:19,690
WebPXML is extensible.

668
00:53:19,690 --> 00:53:25,650
VoiceXML is basically an XML that allows for scripting with a voice interface.

669
00:53:25,650 --> 00:53:26,450
It's extensible.

670
00:53:26,450 --> 00:53:28,690
The problem with Asterisk is that it has no relatively

671
00:53:33,420 --> 00:53:42,240
new open-source program called Asterisk PDF, which says it has Asterisk CIFS.

672
00:53:43,040 --> 00:53:46,220
So I spent about two weeks trying to get this compiled.

673
00:53:46,220 --> 00:53:48,800
It's a high-resolution demonstration.

674
00:53:48,800 --> 00:53:51,340
There's also commercial offerings.

675
00:53:51,340 --> 00:53:54,920
For example, Microsoft has a new VXML program where

676
00:53:58,210 --> 00:54:05,150
there's, like, at least two or three commercial ones that I know of that are also free open-source.

677
00:54:05,650 --> 00:54:08,230
VXML is still, you know, you need to use

678
00:54:12,960 --> 00:54:13,460
.

679
00:54:31,420 --> 00:54:35,640
Think back to that Texas speech program you played with in, like, 1987.

680
00:54:37,020 --> 00:54:41,900
That program is called Cepstral.

681
00:54:41,900 --> 00:54:42,200
Cepstral is

682
00:54:47,520 --> 00:54:52,620
a free free -for-download free-for-download program that they've also announced

683
00:55:09,530 --> 00:55:11,450
however it's not free.

684
00:55:24,260 --> 00:55:25,580
Something like that.

685
00:55:25,740 --> 00:55:35,440
You can play with a free version of Cepstral, but it's also a sound file and every fifth or tenth word or something goes please register me.

686
00:55:36,380 --> 00:55:47,860
Yeah, and it is free for download , like you said, and you can make sure if you ever have, like, you know, one of the programs and you want to make sure that it works with your program you can set it up and, you know, you just have to do that please register me every time it works or something.

687
00:55:49,360 --> 00:55:51,460
The other thing for output is reports.

688
00:55:51,740 --> 00:55:53,440
You can get your stuff for free.

689
00:55:54,040 --> 00:55:58,400
The other person is Allison and she has huge support for Asterisk.

690
00:55:58,820 --> 00:56:02,740
It's for pay and she has lots of fan sayings available on the internet.

691
00:56:02,960 --> 00:56:08,240
Asterisk also comes with a whole ton of sayings and she says all sorts of crazy stuff in the LA area.

692
00:56:17,760 --> 00:56:28,920
A friend of mine actually just wanted to test her and so he sent her increasingly offensive scripts and I think he finally found her a little bit after...

693
00:56:28,920 --> 00:56:31,060
yeah, a long time.

694
00:56:33,100 --> 00:56:36,180
Well, maybe she'll read Richard Nixon's Social Security number, I don't know.

695
00:56:37,440 --> 00:56:37,960
Basically

696
00:56:44,600 --> 00:56:45,740
, we have a...

697
00:56:57,110 --> 00:56:59,810
I'm not a weather fan, my name is Ron.

698
00:57:01,870 --> 00:57:02,790
Phone!

699
00:57:03,630 --> 00:57:05,990
I'll show you my phone voice in a second.

700
00:57:37,730 --> 00:57:40,410
And now a demonstration by Scott Carlson that we actually do.

701
00:57:40,670 --> 00:57:43,830
Good afternoon.

702
00:57:43,830 --> 00:57:46,110
Thank you for calling DEF CON My Phone.

703
00:57:46,110 --> 00:57:48,550
Script getting tested, Blamer approved.

704
00:57:49,650 --> 00:57:52,410
To hear what's coming up in the next hour, press 1.

705
00:57:52,410 --> 00:57:54,510
To search for an event, press 2.

706
00:57:54,510 --> 00:57:57,970
To need feedback from DEF CON My Phone team, press 0.

707
00:57:59,010 --> 00:58:00,230
And so on.

708
00:58:04,530 --> 00:58:11,770
If any of you want to write down silly things on slips of paper and leave them up here, I'll do them for you.

709
00:58:11,770 --> 00:58:12,090
Here's

710
00:58:16,410 --> 00:58:19,690
a slightly more complex thing, this actually uses input and output.

711
00:58:20,150 --> 00:58:23,330
Basically, what it does is I've got three ways of doing it.

712
00:58:23,330 --> 00:58:31,910
One of those is using CGI, and basically it lets you forever wait for you to enter a file.

713
00:58:32,530 --> 00:58:34,570
Wait for you to enter a digit.

714
00:58:34,590 --> 00:58:37,450
Wait for it to say who's entered a digit.

715
00:58:37,450 --> 00:58:46,870
And what it says is after you enter a digit, wait for five seconds, and if you look at one, it says it has five words on it.

716
00:58:48,470 --> 00:58:50,630
If you enter two, it has seven words on it.

717
00:58:50,630 --> 00:58:52,130
If you enter three, it has a thousand words on it.

718
00:58:52,130 --> 00:58:53,190
This is really cool.

719
00:58:54,990 --> 00:58:55,790
Intermission!

720
00:58:59,650 --> 00:59:02,750
Okay, so we have some cool swag to give away.

721
00:59:10,350 --> 00:59:12,930
GGM has seen fit to give us props.

722
00:59:13,330 --> 00:59:24,030
Apparently, Charles has become very friendly with Mark Spencer, and he sent us very friendly So GGM sent us this whole box of really cool stuff.

723
00:59:24,030 --> 00:59:28,310
There's these little CDs with asterisks on them, and they're in the shape of an asterisk.

724
00:59:43,370 --> 00:59:45,170
There's asterisk stickers.

725
00:59:51,180 --> 00:59:55,820
Yes, if you put the sticker on your car, more people will want it.

726
00:59:58,080 --> 01:00:02,140
I also have bin racks here, because an old-school freak.com sticker isn't good.

727
01:00:02,280 --> 01:00:04,780
I have two very kick-ass sites.

728
01:00:04,780 --> 01:00:07,680
You see some of this in forums almost every day.

729
01:00:10,300 --> 01:00:12,120
Asterisk T-shirts.

730
01:00:15,100 --> 01:00:19,700
So I need four volunteers who want to come up here and dial phones.

731
01:00:22,480 --> 01:00:23,220
Actually, no.

732
01:00:23,220 --> 01:00:25,100
Let's have them answer questions.

733
01:00:25,560 --> 01:00:31,440
Name a pre-divestiture Bell operating company.

734
01:00:32,100 --> 01:00:35,060
Pre-divestiture, not 9X.

735
01:00:35,140 --> 01:00:36,460
Pre-divestiture?

736
01:00:37,060 --> 01:00:39,160
Pre-divestiture.

737
01:00:40,020 --> 01:00:42,060
Operating company.

738
01:00:45,080 --> 01:00:47,280
GTE was not a Bell company.

739
01:00:49,540 --> 01:00:51,080
I'm taking over now.

740
01:00:51,080 --> 01:00:54,340
Name a post-divestiture 9X regional Bell operating company.

741
01:00:54,720 --> 01:00:56,720
For example, someone already said it.

742
01:00:57,760 --> 01:00:59,320
Raise your hands, people.

743
01:00:59,720 --> 01:01:02,360
Come up.

744
01:01:14,270 --> 01:01:16,390
So, let me wind this thing out of the way.

745
01:01:26,570 --> 01:01:28,510
Each of you sit in front of a telephone.

746
01:01:31,610 --> 01:01:34,230
So, let me prop up this list in front of you here.

747
01:01:35,470 --> 01:01:44,210
This is a touch-tone speed dialing contest, and for some of you who were in the game area earlier, we kind of did this just to work the bugs out.

748
01:01:44,270 --> 01:01:56,050
So, basically, I have a list of numbers here that I've programmed into my PBX, and the person who dials these numbers the fastest and most accurately will bring my desk phone here and get a prize.

749
01:01:56,110 --> 01:01:57,950
So, let me set this list up here.

750
01:01:59,030 --> 01:02:00,750
Yeah, I'll explain the rules in just a second.

751
01:02:05,590 --> 01:02:10,850
Unfortunately, these don't do pulse dialing, otherwise we would do a switch-hook Can you all read that?

752
01:02:15,210 --> 01:02:16,050
Pardon?

753
01:02:16,050 --> 01:02:17,090
Sir, can you read that?

754
01:02:17,650 --> 01:02:20,150
Okay, so what you're going to do is you're going to pick a phone.

755
01:02:20,150 --> 01:02:23,170
Each phone is dialed one plus the area code plus the number.

756
01:02:23,350 --> 01:02:28,190
After one second, if you dial correctly, you'll hear another dial tone, dial the next number, and so on and so on.

757
01:02:28,190 --> 01:02:37,890
If you miss-dial a digit, say you dial two instead of one, you'll get a reorder tone after one second, at which point you will want to dial the number again.

758
01:02:38,230 --> 01:02:41,870
If you skip a digit, you'll hear nothing after one second.

759
01:02:41,870 --> 01:02:45,310
You may want to press a couple digits until you get a reorder.

760
01:02:45,310 --> 01:02:57,950
If you get a reorder that you can't break by dialing, if you get the reorder where you can't redial the number, there's rules, there's rules.

761
01:02:57,950 --> 01:03:03,730
If you get the reorder that does not go away when you start dialing digits, you screwed up and you have to hang up and start the beginning again.

762
01:03:04,270 --> 01:03:10,270
So, ready, set, go.

763
01:03:55,150 --> 01:03:56,150
Beg pardon?

764
01:04:04,450 --> 01:04:05,510
He wins.

765
01:04:06,050 --> 01:04:07,830
The guy in the Quest shirt.

766
01:04:11,260 --> 01:04:13,060
What size t-shirt do you wear, sir?

767
01:04:13,520 --> 01:04:14,780
What size t-shirt do you wear?

768
01:04:15,140 --> 01:04:15,640
Large?

769
01:04:15,640 --> 01:04:16,020
Okay.

770
01:04:42,450 --> 01:04:43,470
He gets to leave.

771
01:04:43,470 --> 01:04:44,790
We need one more contestant.

772
01:04:45,330 --> 01:04:46,990
The guy in the Bell shirt.

773
01:04:53,420 --> 01:04:54,800
You want to switch phones, Natas?

774
01:04:55,140 --> 01:04:55,900
Okay.

775
01:04:59,160 --> 01:05:01,860
We like preferential treatment.

776
01:05:05,340 --> 01:05:07,680
So, do you understand the rules, sir?

777
01:05:08,840 --> 01:05:09,640
Okay.

778
01:05:09,720 --> 01:05:12,880
On your mark, go touch the handset.

779
01:05:12,880 --> 01:05:14,380
Don't pick up the handset until I say go.

780
01:05:14,380 --> 01:05:15,660
You can touch the handset.

781
01:05:16,560 --> 01:05:18,880
One plus the area code plus the number, yes.

782
01:05:20,480 --> 01:05:22,620
On your mark, get set, dial.

783
01:05:27,370 --> 01:05:29,470
Good news, everyone, I found the numbers.

784
01:05:30,230 --> 01:05:32,630
You can get them in the capstoneextensions.com.

785
01:05:43,180 --> 01:05:48,060
You know, Natas, you're really starting to make these sounds that I know you're...

786
01:05:55,180 --> 01:05:57,100
You flash the hook and get a call, all right?

787
01:05:58,120 --> 01:05:59,980
He put his own call on hold.

788
01:06:00,780 --> 01:06:02,160
That's what we're...

789
01:06:18,840 --> 01:06:20,220
Yeah, let's do some bid revenue.

790
01:06:20,220 --> 01:06:21,200
Let's get some free stickers, too.

791
01:06:22,880 --> 01:06:24,620
One of you still got a call on hold.

792
01:06:26,500 --> 01:06:28,080
Call, please.

793
01:06:30,080 --> 01:06:31,780
Natas, would you like an old-school free sticker?

794
01:06:32,300 --> 01:06:33,640
Would you like an old-school free sticker?

795
01:06:35,720 --> 01:06:38,100
He runs the site for those who don't know.

796
01:06:40,080 --> 01:06:41,520
And what size T-shirt do you wear?

797
01:06:43,140 --> 01:06:43,780
Excellent.

798
01:06:55,600 --> 01:06:56,280
Let's do this.

799
01:06:56,280 --> 01:07:00,140
Let me plug the telephone in so we can hear the winner.

800
01:07:03,460 --> 01:07:06,640
I think we'll do one more, and then we have to get on with the presentation.

801
01:07:08,660 --> 01:07:09,780
Let's make this fair.

802
01:07:10,080 --> 01:07:13,140
Let's clear this out and have four all-new people.

803
01:07:15,600 --> 01:07:18,540
If you guys do compete, come up to me after the show.

804
01:07:18,540 --> 01:07:19,600
You'll get swag.

805
01:07:19,600 --> 01:07:20,860
You'll get swag.

806
01:07:20,860 --> 01:07:21,760
You'll get swag.

807
01:07:21,760 --> 01:07:22,600
You're welcome.

808
01:07:23,000 --> 01:07:24,040
Okay, new rule.

809
01:07:24,040 --> 01:07:27,040
Don't flash so fast that you put a call on hold.

810
01:07:27,040 --> 01:07:27,720
Yes.

811
01:07:32,220 --> 01:07:33,340
Okay,

812
01:07:37,200 --> 01:07:43,960
so,

813
01:07:50,170 --> 01:07:51,750
let's get some volunteers.

814
01:07:51,750 --> 01:07:53,110
How about this guy?

815
01:07:59,450 --> 01:08:01,530
You made some funny comments.

816
01:08:04,490 --> 01:08:04,590
Okay .

817
01:08:06,670 --> 01:08:11,160
I heard a patch.

818
01:08:15,300 --> 01:08:16,900
Yes.

819
01:08:22,480 --> 01:08:26,400
Okay, we have one more.

820
01:08:30,760 --> 01:08:33,900
I thought that was my line, Ratchet.

821
01:08:36,600 --> 01:08:37,080
Okay.

822
01:08:40,210 --> 01:08:43,950
Okay, do you guys understand the rules from last time, or do I need to repeat them?

823
01:08:45,950 --> 01:08:47,230
Okay, yes.

824
01:08:47,290 --> 01:08:51,810
Okay, and now you're able to listen to your caller.

825
01:08:51,810 --> 01:08:56,290
So, on your mark, get set, dial.

826
01:08:56,290 --> 01:08:56,630
Okay .

827
01:09:16,920 --> 01:09:18,140
Don't leave now.

828
01:09:18,140 --> 01:09:19,920
If you want free stuff, don't leave now.

829
01:09:19,920 --> 01:09:25,800
We have various telephonic pieces of equipment from Star Collection and more asterisks after the show.

830
01:09:40,860 --> 01:09:42,160
Good afternoon.

831
01:09:42,160 --> 01:09:42,920
Cheers.

832
01:09:51,260 --> 01:09:53,230
Oh, a princess phone.

833
01:09:54,420 --> 01:09:55,940
A princess rotary?

834
01:09:59,260 --> 01:10:05,560
It's little, it's lovely, but, however, it does not like what it's a consumer sale model made out of.

835
01:10:06,320 --> 01:10:09,160
Digium Zap-Tel cards do support rotary phones.

836
01:10:09,160 --> 01:10:13,700
In fact, you can navigate IPR menus of rotary phones with a Zap-Tel card.

837
01:10:15,240 --> 01:10:20,600
However, the only thing that does support rotary dial are the card and the EC.

838
01:10:20,820 --> 01:10:23,540
I think the EC supports rotary dialing.

839
01:10:23,540 --> 01:10:24,300
I'm not sure.

840
01:10:24,300 --> 01:10:24,980
It does?

841
01:10:24,980 --> 01:10:25,740
Okay, cool.

842
01:10:25,740 --> 01:10:29,180
So, yeah, this thing does support it.

843
01:10:31,300 --> 01:10:32,360
Unfortunately, no.

844
01:10:32,360 --> 01:10:35,680
This one actually belongs to Mark Spencer and I had to give it back to him.

845
01:10:39,520 --> 01:10:44,280
Anyway, I found my two complex, my slightly more complex and my caller ID.

846
01:10:44,280 --> 01:10:46,120
So, here we go.

847
01:10:46,320 --> 01:10:47,660
Caller ID 1.

848
01:10:57,640 --> 01:10:59,360
This is slightly more complicated.

849
01:11:01,260 --> 01:11:03,260
It sounds like it's going to your AIS script.

850
01:11:12,600 --> 01:11:21,100
I actually replaced all of the default sounds with JMR because we used a lot of the Dell System and Output back in the 1960s but I really like it more.

851
01:11:24,370 --> 01:11:29,050
You can hear some slightly more complex script but I'm going to avoid it for now.

852
01:11:47,650 --> 01:11:50,450
No, baby, give it to me.

853
01:11:50,450 --> 01:11:52,570
Yes, yes, that's it.

854
01:11:54,150 --> 01:11:55,530
And option 3.

855
01:11:58,390 --> 01:11:59,870
This says...

856
01:12:01,230 --> 01:12:03,880
Enter your object now.

857
01:12:04,710 --> 01:12:05,510
Enter your...

858
01:12:05,510 --> 01:12:07,670
This says...

859
01:12:10,370 --> 01:12:11,110
Enter...

860
01:12:11,110 --> 01:12:14,630
This is what's from the sound file.

861
01:12:15,070 --> 01:12:17,830
I ripped it off from the information course.

862
01:12:17,830 --> 01:12:19,910
Thank you for making it here.

863
01:12:20,470 --> 01:12:21,210
Send

864
01:12:31,220 --> 01:12:34,000
your caller ID to whatever you want.

865
01:12:34,000 --> 01:12:36,400
After you send your caller ID...

866
01:12:51,510 --> 01:12:53,570
Initial address message.

867
01:13:03,550 --> 01:13:04,190
It

868
01:13:25,530 --> 01:13:29,870
was made by Automatic Electric, which was GT's manufacturing company.

869
01:13:29,950 --> 01:13:32,990
But it's now discontinued as far as I know.

870
01:13:34,470 --> 01:13:37,390
And ironically, Automatic Electric is now part of this.

871
01:13:37,390 --> 01:13:46,550
But anyway, you only find the GT5s typically in former GT territory and some independent companies' territories.

872
01:13:47,410 --> 01:13:51,530
However, in the GT5, Automatic Electric is an all-around unique network.

873
01:13:51,750 --> 01:13:57,590
So they decided to test out each other's networking one day through this home phone and decided to

874
01:14:30,830 --> 01:14:31,530
list your friends.

875
01:14:31,530 --> 01:14:33,450
I mean, how many times did you have to call?

876
01:14:35,190 --> 01:14:38,230
You need to create your neighbor's credit card.

877
01:14:39,010 --> 01:14:41,230
You find your neighbor's credit card and pay him back.

878
01:14:41,230 --> 01:14:44,390
You don't know where you're calling from, right?

879
01:15:05,770 --> 01:15:11,470
You're obviously using the same phone you found your neighbor's card.

880
01:15:11,470 --> 01:15:13,170
I'm not going to take your number.

881
01:15:28,020 --> 01:15:32,200
You just send any caller ID you can find, any CPM number.

882
01:15:33,320 --> 01:15:35,340
Oh, you must be selling something to connect

883
01:16:24,500 --> 01:16:26,580
Let's get into the technical details of this later.

884
01:16:44,820 --> 01:16:53,600
You can also, however, do color-ID spoofing most of the time with two lines in your extensions.com file and ask for a CPS.

885
01:16:53,600 --> 01:16:55,660
So, I'm just going to grab some data for you.

886
01:16:56,400 --> 01:16:58,420
We have a lot of theories about color-ID spoofing.

887
01:16:58,420 --> 01:16:59,000
So, I have

888
01:17:15,240 --> 01:17:15,720
some.

889
01:17:15,720 --> 01:17:17,380
It's based on the cost

890
01:17:26,910 --> 01:17:29,690
of your own number, of some number you want to talk more about.

891
01:17:29,690 --> 01:17:35,550
And then you'll telephone the company, and they'll send you whatever name is associated with that number.

892
01:17:40,310 --> 01:17:45,130
Yeah, it depends on what database you're using, but for the most part, it's fairly easy.

893
01:17:45,130 --> 01:17:47,450
I think I've got a photograph of me doing that.

894
01:17:47,450 --> 01:17:51,850
So , you can see how it works for yourself, your local exchange, your local website.

895
01:17:51,850 --> 01:17:54,070
It's called Remembering a Missing Database.

896
01:17:54,070 --> 01:17:56,190
And then they send that name to you.

897
01:18:01,770 --> 01:18:07,030
It allows you to, if you're doing scanning, you can prioritize the more missing phone numbers.

898
01:18:07,370 --> 01:18:09,570
Here are some real color-ID names.

899
01:18:09,570 --> 01:18:13,730
We've got a company called C.I.A.

900
01:18:15,070 --> 01:18:18,270
It's a really, really cheap reverse lookup.

901
01:18:18,270 --> 01:18:20,370
And you can figure out stuff for yourself.

902
01:18:23,570 --> 01:18:25,330
I'm straight.

903
01:18:28,110 --> 01:18:32,070
I love you strong.

904
01:18:32,330 --> 01:18:33,320
I love you too.

905
01:18:34,790 --> 01:18:37,590
Here's an example of me backspoofing.

906
01:18:42,530 --> 01:18:44,270
You need your credit card, personally.

907
01:18:44,270 --> 01:18:45,670
This time, if it didn't work, you go to Google.

908
01:18:49,150 --> 01:18:51,730
SuperColorID is something that I hacked up in a matter of about five minutes.

909
01:18:51,810 --> 01:18:55,290
It extrapolates tons of useless info from a telephone number.

910
01:18:55,570 --> 01:18:57,850
It gives the name and address from YPH.com.

911
01:18:57,850 --> 01:19:01,850
And it does get you information from the Telecordia location that you've got.

912
01:19:01,970 --> 01:19:05,010
In my office, it works on the telemedicine device, telemedicine terminal.

913
01:19:05,010 --> 01:19:08,290
But if you've got some screen or some window you want to look at, you can do that too.

914
01:19:09,190 --> 01:19:13,210
This is a version of it that has a site, oldschooltrees.com, that doesn't use the word.

915
01:19:13,210 --> 01:19:14,950
That just grabs the address from the web.

916
01:19:15,090 --> 01:19:22,950
Here's a photo of me using SuperColorID, and looking from Gladstone's Corned Fish restaurant at Pacific Palisades, to my own phone number.

917
01:19:23,530 --> 01:19:24,410
Yes.

918
01:19:29,430 --> 01:19:31,930
Wow, people are making their own versions for their own country.

919
01:19:31,930 --> 01:19:35,170
Someone's got an Amazon copy from Australia, that works in Australia.

920
01:19:35,170 --> 01:19:37,390
So, sweet stuff.

921
01:19:37,390 --> 01:19:53,670
So you can see here, it does the number, the address, so this spins up your webpages, this is the calling party name, that tells you who's the phone company, and here is all the details, how the solution is served out, how many information, prefixes, where the switch is,

922
01:19:53,670 --> 01:20:02,630
what time the switch is, and, for example, if it's useless for anybody but their own country, you can just enter, like, Apple, or Google, or anything like this.

923
01:20:04,970 --> 01:20:05,850
What?

924
01:20:07,730 --> 01:20:08,170
Um...

925
01:20:08,170 --> 01:20:09,650
No, it does not.

926
01:20:15,170 --> 01:20:17,730
You can rig radio podcasts.

927
01:20:18,770 --> 01:20:20,630
Yeah, why don't you explain this?

928
01:20:22,330 --> 01:20:28,110
What radio does is, they have a hunt group, that's what it was, you call one number, and it hunts for a free line.

929
01:20:29,290 --> 01:21:00,950
So, for example, you call 5-8000, and the reality is, it hunts for a free line, which is, you know, 8-000-1, 8-000-2, 8-000-3, 8-000-3, 8-000-3, 8-000-3, 8 -000-3, 8 -000-3, 8-000-3, 8-000-3, 8-000-3, 8-000-3, 8-000-3, and what happens is, after the hunt is over,

930
01:21:00,950 --> 01:21:10,070
I think our

931
01:21:16,620 --> 01:21:22,980
provider for Defcon by phone claimed that we can have probably over 600 calls going on at the same time.

932
01:21:24,960 --> 01:21:34,650
We do have a DS1, otherwise known as a T1, and a DS3, and a DS4, and a DS5, and a DS6,

933
01:21:53,880 --> 01:22:06,860
and what it basically does, you tell Asterisk, generate a bunch of different radio stations, to connect to a certain radio station.

934
01:22:06,860 --> 01:22:22,100
So , what happens, call file one, sorry I'm call number two, call file three, sorry I'm call ID number three, now I've got it set up to work, and it leads out bound calls, and you can do more, generate call file number four, and actually stuff gets done,

935
01:22:22,100 --> 01:22:28,040
call number five, call number six, call number seven, and you're looking at call number nine, and all of a sudden, the

936
01:22:36,890 --> 01:22:56,800
calls that are currently in the queue after the call is over, you say, hey, oh my god, I won, and I say yes, and all of a sudden, I'm sure radio station guy number one is going to be highly confused, and he says , well, they don't know what's going to fix this,

937
01:22:56,800 --> 01:23:01,840
that's why I actually found something out this week, and they solved the problem, and I'm not going to tell you what's going to happen.

938
01:23:08,300 --> 01:23:14,760
Yeah, American Idol, or some, if you watch TV, I don't watch TV anymore, and I

939
01:23:19,010 --> 01:23:35,780
said, well, gee, this is important for the voting mind, for the worst guy that was ever listed on the list, and I said, well, if you do that, and they get a record contract, radio will get about 1.1% worse.

940
01:24:38,020 --> 01:24:39,620
What's your NMAT5 voting number?

941
01:24:39,620 --> 01:24:40,840
Let's just do this.

942
01:24:41,960 --> 01:24:44,120
On your exchange, right?

943
01:24:56,030 --> 01:24:59,170
Enter the IP address you wish to scan.

944
01:25:08,600 --> 01:25:09,600
Oh, that's it.

945
01:25:09,600 --> 01:25:11,820
You know how to push my button.

946
01:25:12,000 --> 01:25:13,260
Please wait.

947
01:25:14,900 --> 01:25:18,020
Host found with 17 ports open.

948
01:25:18,220 --> 01:25:19,860
Echo on port 7.

949
01:25:20,040 --> 01:25:21,920
Disguise on port 9.

950
01:25:22,100 --> 01:25:24,260
Date time on port 13.

951
01:25:24,420 --> 01:25:26,580
Threat on port 17.

952
01:25:27,100 --> 01:25:29,240
Curtain on port 19.

953
01:25:29,600 --> 01:25:32,120
SMTP on port 25.

954
01:25:32,120 --> 01:25:34,500
Name server on port 14.

955
01:25:34,500 --> 01:25:36,390
Domain on port 15.

956
01:25:37,240 --> 01:25:39,560
HTTP on port 80.

957
01:25:39,660 --> 01:25:40,580
And that's it.

958
01:27:09,870 --> 01:27:12,630
On Friday, just fixing bugs and dealing with things.

959
01:28:21,900 --> 01:28:22,740
You don't have to.

960
01:28:27,930 --> 01:28:31,210
All of him, he thought of all the phrases except the recording.

961
01:28:32,310 --> 01:28:37,490
After recording everything, I got really crazy and recorded a whole bunch of crazy introductory phrases.

962
01:28:38,130 --> 01:28:45,370
Okay, so, you're basically ignoring how weird it is to see phone calls and recordings of yourself.

963
01:28:46,110 --> 01:28:47,990
It still freaks me out.

964
01:28:48,810 --> 01:28:54,290
So, there's a search to be able to ignore calls, there's a reminder, and again, you need to register.

965
01:28:56,790 --> 01:28:58,510
How does it work?

966
01:28:58,510 --> 01:29:03,650
There's a MySQL database, and there's a whole bunch of audio clips.

967
01:29:03,650 --> 01:29:10,550
And pretty much, I spent a week in front of my computer dictating the entire text of the schedule.

968
01:29:24,370 --> 01:29:27,710
There's registration, reminders,

969
01:29:33,700 --> 01:29:36,520
and there's a web interface internally.

970
01:29:53,750 --> 01:29:58,310
To hear a listing of shows that are coming up in the next hour, press 1.

971
01:30:05,250 --> 01:30:11,490
Please enter the first 5 letters of the title of the show you'd like to see, followed by the talent sign.

972
01:30:13,110 --> 01:30:15,070
Presentation ID 56.

973
01:30:15,070 --> 01:30:16,850
Be your own telephone company.

974
01:30:16,850 --> 01:30:17,830
With Asterix.

975
01:30:17,830 --> 01:30:20,590
Presented by Strom Carlson and Black Ratchett.

976
01:30:20,590 --> 01:30:22,490
In Parthenon 3 and 4.

977
01:30:22,490 --> 01:30:31,290
Starting at Saturday, July 30, 2005 at 7 o'clock p.m.

978
01:30:31,290 --> 01:30:33,750
Running for 110 minutes.

979
01:30:33,750 --> 01:30:35,770
To hear more about this event, press 1.

980
01:30:35,770 --> 01:30:38,170
To skip to the next event, press 2.

981
01:30:38,310 --> 01:30:43,170
If you hear more about the event, it brings you back to the entire description of the talk as printed in the schedule.

982
01:30:47,720 --> 01:30:49,340
Shouts to Strom!

983
01:30:50,940 --> 01:30:54,480
If any of you want to hire me for your voiceovers, please come see me.

984
01:30:54,480 --> 01:30:55,780
I'll give you my contact information.

985
01:30:55,780 --> 01:30:58,540
But don't give me 48 pages of show descriptions, please.

986
01:30:58,540 --> 01:30:59,540
Prefer sanity.

987
01:30:59,820 --> 01:31:01,060
No, I think I can handle that.

988
01:31:02,500 --> 01:31:04,740
It's cheaper than buying that damn stuff for us.

989
01:31:05,880 --> 01:31:06,900
The problem?

990
01:31:06,960 --> 01:31:08,740
Dictating the whole schedule is a pain in the ass.

991
01:31:08,740 --> 01:31:11,620
I didn't realize how long it would take to dictate the whole thing in.

992
01:31:11,620 --> 01:31:13,720
We were rushing.

993
01:31:14,040 --> 01:31:16,920
It was supposed to be less than a week ago.

994
01:31:16,920 --> 01:31:18,640
I'm not used to it.

995
01:31:18,640 --> 01:31:19,960
I'm not used to it.

996
01:31:19,980 --> 01:31:22,520
We had some jitter issues last week.

997
01:31:23,560 --> 01:31:25,260
There were so many problems.

998
01:31:25,260 --> 01:31:27,720
We couldn't nail all calls at the same time.

999
01:31:28,060 --> 01:31:29,340
And we had jitter problems.

1000
01:31:29,340 --> 01:31:30,600
We had to switch to SIP.

1001
01:31:30,760 --> 01:31:33,640
And it's really difficult to keep our schedule in sync with DEF CON's schedule.

1002
01:31:33,640 --> 01:31:43,680
We went and asked them to please give us all your scheduled updates to inform our users and everyone who calls in about changes.

1003
01:31:43,720 --> 01:31:48,160
I don't remember getting my email address out of the entire agenda.

1004
01:31:48,300 --> 01:31:50,080
So thank you, everyone.

1005
01:31:50,280 --> 01:31:51,820
And also this.

1006
01:31:51,820 --> 01:31:54,140
We came up to them and said, hey, our schedule really sucks.

1007
01:31:54,140 --> 01:31:57,180
Is there someplace we can go to get updates?

1008
01:31:57,240 --> 01:31:59,440
Oh, go to updates.defcon.org.

1009
01:31:59,440 --> 01:32:02,640
So I was like, okay, I'll sit down, fix everything.

1010
01:32:02,640 --> 01:32:04,940
Not a single schedule change on there.

1011
01:32:05,060 --> 01:32:06,680
I was...

1012
01:32:07,320 --> 01:32:08,660
It's causing nightmares.

1013
01:32:08,660 --> 01:32:09,800
I don't have nightmares for you.

1014
01:32:09,820 --> 01:32:16,440
We spent all of Monday, or all of Friday trying to deal with the fact that they pushed the entire track date back an hour.

1015
01:32:17,380 --> 01:32:19,720
But we hadn't anticipated that.

1016
01:32:20,060 --> 01:32:21,100
I'm sorry?

1017
01:32:23,660 --> 01:32:30,560
What we should do next year is we're probably going to set up something where the schedule is actually thrown together in our system.

1018
01:32:31,520 --> 01:32:33,020
And that's the idea I had.

1019
01:32:33,020 --> 01:32:37,560
The schedule is thrown together in our system so we automatically know about it and have everything synchronized.

1020
01:32:37,560 --> 01:32:39,580
And as a disclaimer, we all love DEF CON.

1021
01:32:39,580 --> 01:32:42,840
We're not trying to piss anyone off, but this is what happens.

1022
01:32:42,840 --> 01:32:48,920
When we're at DEF CON reminders, there's no way to detect whether users are rejected by scale.

1023
01:32:48,980 --> 01:32:51,320
So they don't get thrown into the reminder.

1024
01:32:51,660 --> 01:32:54,360
Some users are brain-deficient and forget their thing.

1025
01:32:55,220 --> 01:32:57,540
And you've got to call from somebody.

1026
01:32:58,780 --> 01:33:01,040
You know who you are.

1027
01:33:07,590 --> 01:33:08,710
Rejector.net.

1028
01:33:08,710 --> 01:33:10,910
We'll be back next year.

1029
01:33:10,910 --> 01:33:12,750
We'll be back next year.

1030
01:33:13,270 --> 01:33:18,570
The problem with Crack 2 is that they said, we'll move everything up and down, OK, that's fine.

1031
01:33:18,570 --> 01:33:19,690
I update the schedule.

1032
01:33:19,690 --> 01:33:23,930
And they said, OK, let's make that time so everything is on schedule by the end.

1033
01:33:23,930 --> 01:33:25,890
I cried when I finally found out.

1034
01:33:26,310 --> 01:33:28,070
There was no way to do that.

1035
01:33:28,070 --> 01:33:31,050
I want to get to the Q&A because I'm sure there are a lot of you who wrote the Q&A.

1036
01:33:31,350 --> 01:33:33,930
The CDF cards kind of flake out.

1037
01:33:34,390 --> 01:33:39,330
They're problems because asterisk is TTL but all folks know how to do the asterisk

1038
01:33:56,030 --> 01:34:01,130
So, if you want to ask a question, there is a telephone there.

1039
01:34:01,170 --> 01:34:02,990
Queue up in front of the telephone.

1040
01:34:03,910 --> 01:34:16,210
And for those of you watching on TV, call the following number, area code 213-415-1047, and you will be in the Q&A queue.

1041
01:34:16,210 --> 01:34:20,430
Do not call this number if you are sitting here in the room.

1042
01:34:20,690 --> 01:34:30,490
If you see someone who is on their phone and calling the number and holding and asking a question, grab their phone and throw it to me, and we won't give it back to them.

1043
01:34:35,810 --> 01:34:39,630
Will you please pick up and dial 8-1-1-0?

1044
01:34:39,730 --> 01:34:41,290
Oh, shoot.

1045
01:34:41,290 --> 01:34:42,570
Sorry about that.

1046
01:34:44,190 --> 01:34:45,750
Please pick up that phone.

1047
01:34:55,790 --> 01:34:56,790
Hello?

1048
01:34:57,550 --> 01:34:59,090
I have a question.

1049
01:34:59,670 --> 01:35:00,670
Really?

1050
01:35:06,050 --> 01:35:07,610
Okay, please, everyone calm down.

1051
01:35:07,610 --> 01:35:08,910
We are trying to get to make questions.

1052
01:35:08,910 --> 01:35:18,610
The codec that was demonstrated earlier, you can do rock and roll, funk, with a lot of bass, and a yelling guy, and a very quiet dude with his band going.

1053
01:35:19,030 --> 01:35:24,110
The band was really good to get that music, like, I don't know if codecs are

1054
01:35:27,200 --> 01:35:34,280
nice for speech, but the way I see it, if you portrait test a codec, you see what they really sound like under all circumstances.

1055
01:35:34,420 --> 01:35:37,460
Because not all speech is perfect.

1056
01:35:37,460 --> 01:35:43,240
So if you portrait test a codec, you get a clearer picture of what it really sounds like.

1057
01:35:47,080 --> 01:35:48,480
Yeah, it's a good test.

1058
01:35:48,480 --> 01:35:51,140
I know it's not designed for music, but there is music on hold.

1059
01:35:51,340 --> 01:35:55,860
What happens when you're driving in your car, and you have tons of background noise, and you're trying to use one of these?

1060
01:35:55,920 --> 01:35:56,880
Same thing.

1061
01:35:56,880 --> 01:35:57,520
Okay.

1062
01:36:00,080 --> 01:36:01,040
Thank you very much.

1063
01:36:01,040 --> 01:36:01,780
Thank you.

1064
01:36:03,940 --> 01:36:06,520
Let's see if anyone's calling in from the TV.

1065
01:36:10,160 --> 01:36:13,260
Agent logged in.

1066
01:36:13,860 --> 01:36:15,300
Hello?

1067
01:36:18,320 --> 01:36:19,760
Hello?

1068
01:36:20,140 --> 01:36:21,680
Black call!

1069
01:36:21,680 --> 01:36:24,200
Let's hang up and get the next person in line.

1070
01:36:25,860 --> 01:36:28,240
Agent logged in.

1071
01:36:36,330 --> 01:36:37,070
Calling in?

1072
01:36:37,070 --> 01:36:37,730
Wow!

1073
01:36:37,730 --> 01:36:39,510
More people at home!

1074
01:36:40,810 --> 01:36:44,870
If you're watching on TV call, okay, let's get you in.

1075
01:36:53,140 --> 01:36:55,040
Okay, two questions, actually.

1076
01:36:55,040 --> 01:37:01,360
One, for all the color-ID speech and stuff you guys were talking about, do you need a DS1, an MP3, or a PN?

1077
01:37:01,360 --> 01:37:04,000
No, I've got it running on my DSL connection.

1078
01:37:04,160 --> 01:37:07,520
Okay, so just with the VoIP provider...

1079
01:37:07,520 --> 01:37:13,280
Yeah, your standard VoIP call, even with MULA, only requires 80 kilobits per second of bandwidth plus overhead.

1080
01:37:13,280 --> 01:37:18,240
So if you've got more than 80 kilobits per second connection in both directions, you're fine.

1081
01:37:18,240 --> 01:37:19,040
Okay.

1082
01:37:21,360 --> 01:37:22,220
Okay, never mind.

1083
01:37:22,220 --> 01:37:26,140
The other question I had is, what is the difference between a phone company and a telephone company?

1084
01:37:28,950 --> 01:37:30,690
How many phones do you want to use?

1085
01:37:30,690 --> 01:37:34,610
You can get generally about the same as a phone company, between three and five telephone sets.

1086
01:37:40,260 --> 01:37:41,920
Run, Forrest, run!

1087
01:37:42,580 --> 01:37:44,780
Isn't this scavenger hunt over yet?

1088
01:37:44,800 --> 01:37:45,460
No.

1089
01:37:45,740 --> 01:37:47,920
There's a giant bee problem with DEF CONNORS here.

1090
01:37:47,920 --> 01:37:48,640
Thank you.

1091
01:37:58,760 --> 01:38:01,480
Hello, you're with Asterisk.

1092
01:38:02,500 --> 01:38:03,280
Hey, how you doing?

1093
01:38:03,280 --> 01:38:04,360
Hey, how you doing?

1094
01:38:04,640 --> 01:38:05,420
Hey!

1095
01:38:05,420 --> 01:38:06,800
There's a little delay.

1096
01:38:09,560 --> 01:38:11,060
What's your question, sir?

1097
01:38:11,760 --> 01:38:13,660
My question on DEF CONNORS.

1098
01:38:13,660 --> 01:38:15,580
Are those the only ones that are supported?

1099
01:38:16,240 --> 01:38:18,840
For interfacing your phones with Asterisk?

1100
01:38:19,180 --> 01:38:20,140
Yeah.

1101
01:38:20,140 --> 01:38:20,660
No.

1102
01:38:20,660 --> 01:38:22,880
No, they're not the only ones supported.

1103
01:38:22,920 --> 01:38:23,920
I believe you're...

1104
01:38:23,920 --> 01:38:24,820
Yeah.

1105
01:38:25,260 --> 01:38:26,940
No, they're not the only ones supported.

1106
01:38:26,940 --> 01:38:28,040
I don't know which one it is.

1107
01:38:28,040 --> 01:38:31,480
I think it's something called VoiceTel that uses the same hardware.

1108
01:38:31,480 --> 01:38:33,280
It was the same older version of it.

1109
01:38:33,280 --> 01:38:34,160
It's supported.

1110
01:38:34,160 --> 01:38:34,900
It works.

1111
01:38:35,080 --> 01:38:35,480
But...

1112
01:38:35,480 --> 01:38:37,000
Good luck getting it working.

1113
01:38:39,760 --> 01:38:41,540
So, are those PCI cards?

1114
01:38:41,540 --> 01:38:42,740
Yes, they're PCI.

1115
01:38:42,740 --> 01:38:45,940
And I believe there's also one with ISA for you to use with...

1116
01:38:47,540 --> 01:38:48,960
I believe you're running...

1117
01:38:49,560 --> 01:38:50,180
Okay.

1118
01:38:50,180 --> 01:38:51,020
...DEF CONNORS.

1119
01:38:51,020 --> 01:38:51,760
DEF CONNORS, right?

1120
01:38:51,760 --> 01:38:52,440
Yes.

1121
01:38:53,340 --> 01:38:55,100
This is actually on the DEF CON by VoiceTel.

1122
01:38:55,100 --> 01:38:56,620
But we're going to move on to the next question.

1123
01:38:56,620 --> 01:38:59,380
Okay, let's get the next question from a real person.

1124
01:39:06,850 --> 01:39:07,550
Marty?

1125
01:39:07,590 --> 01:39:09,250
Hey, could you...

1126
01:39:17,150 --> 01:39:23,870
For the most part, Asterisk is about as secure as a regular telephone, although the new version of the ETH protocol now does encryption.

1127
01:39:23,870 --> 01:39:24,810
I haven't played with it yet.

1128
01:39:24,810 --> 01:39:26,110
It's only about two weeks old.

1129
01:39:26,110 --> 01:39:29,790
But there is now encryption built into the TVS head version of the ETH protocol.

1130
01:39:30,510 --> 01:39:31,310
Cool.

1131
01:39:31,310 --> 01:39:32,050
Okay.

1132
01:39:32,110 --> 01:39:33,790
Let's take a call from...

1133
01:39:44,750 --> 01:39:45,790
Hello?

1134
01:39:58,570 --> 01:40:00,110
Oh, this was always right here.

1135
01:40:13,780 --> 01:40:14,820
The reason

1136
01:40:39,610 --> 01:40:41,930
those payphones take an incredibly long time to call...

1137
01:40:41,930 --> 01:40:42,510
Also,

1138
01:40:46,950 --> 01:40:48,810
it works from my mobile phone.

1139
01:40:48,970 --> 01:40:50,150
So it's not our...

1140
01:40:50,150 --> 01:40:56,130
The other fun thing about the payphones out in the lobby is that they do not transmit a payphone code.

1141
01:40:56,130 --> 01:40:58,950
So therefore, you can actually use DEF CON by phone from them.

1142
01:40:58,950 --> 01:41:01,970
All payphones are banned because we don't feel like being charged a fee.

1143
01:41:01,970 --> 01:41:11,730
However, thanks to Goldetel, whoever supports them, they have a very unincorrect standard on their payphones and they treat them as being real payphones.

1144
01:41:15,290 --> 01:41:16,470
Hello, caller?

1145
01:41:20,110 --> 01:41:21,230
Grab his phone!

1146
01:41:49,070 --> 01:41:50,430
...and O'Reilly makes great books.

1147
01:41:50,430 --> 01:41:52,970
This one's apparently like 570 something pages.

1148
01:41:53,350 --> 01:41:55,630
I'm looking for a good book with a starfish on the cover.

1149
01:41:56,030 --> 01:41:56,990
And secondly...

1150
01:41:58,290 --> 01:41:59,390
Sure, I'm broke.

1151
01:41:59,390 --> 01:42:00,350
I'll accept the money.

1152
01:42:00,810 --> 01:42:01,430
You won't pay me.

1153
01:42:01,430 --> 01:42:02,410
I've got it down for you.

1154
01:42:02,690 --> 01:42:03,990
Alright, thank you.

1155
01:42:26,150 --> 01:42:27,730
Call in somebody from...

1156
01:42:27,730 --> 01:42:29,050
Hello, party?

1157
01:42:30,930 --> 01:42:31,650
Hello?

1158
01:42:32,150 --> 01:42:34,520
Hello.

1159
01:42:34,880 --> 01:42:37,340
Up to four people can be in the queue at any given time.

1160
01:42:38,760 --> 01:42:44,300
And how did you figure out that you're the inventor?

1161
01:42:44,820 --> 01:42:47,700
Because we're dialing our internal Dundee net number.

1162
01:42:47,700 --> 01:42:49,600
We got skills, yo.

1163
01:42:49,760 --> 01:42:50,520
Yeah.

1164
01:42:50,620 --> 01:43:02,240
Actually, you can set a password for this, but for convenience, since none of you from the outside world can dial on our Dundee plan, we figured it would just be easier if we could just answer the question instead of getting some password thing.

1165
01:43:02,240 --> 01:43:06,460
Yes, essentially, this allows you to set up your own phone sets.

1166
01:43:06,780 --> 01:43:07,660
Yes.

1167
01:43:07,860 --> 01:43:09,040
Thank you much.

1168
01:43:23,920 --> 01:43:25,040
I'm wearing...

1169
01:43:35,230 --> 01:43:38,250
I've got this really, really nice butt set.

1170
01:43:39,990 --> 01:43:44,210
Have you played with any of the 802.11c voice phones?

1171
01:43:44,910 --> 01:43:48,370
I haven't played with any of the 802.11c voice phones.

1172
01:43:48,370 --> 01:43:53,010
There are phones that'll act like cordless phones, except they'll talk to your Wi-Fi network.

1173
01:43:53,390 --> 01:43:56,330
I wasn't kidding when I told you I had a really nice butt set.

1174
01:43:58,250 --> 01:43:58,930
7920?

1175
01:43:58,930 --> 01:44:00,570
Okay, so 7920.

1176
01:44:00,610 --> 01:44:05,430
If you go to voice-info.org wiki, they have information on all of those.

1177
01:44:05,550 --> 01:44:08,470
I haven't played with the Wi-Fi phone set.

1178
01:44:10,630 --> 01:44:12,890
Yeah, yeah, you can do voice talk on BDSU.

1179
01:44:12,890 --> 01:44:14,630
Yes, I set them up for my own thing.

1180
01:44:14,630 --> 01:44:16,010
I have a nice Bluetooth headset.

1181
01:44:16,010 --> 01:44:17,550
I have Wi-Fi hotspot.

1182
01:44:17,550 --> 01:44:18,450
It comes right in hand.

1183
01:44:18,450 --> 01:44:19,970
We've got to go wrap this up.

1184
01:44:20,010 --> 01:44:21,330
Thank you all for coming.

1185
01:44:21,730 --> 01:44:24,310
I'm going to send out shouts to binrev.com.

1186
01:44:24,310 --> 01:44:27,230
You can find Strom and I there on forums, binrev.com.

1187
01:44:28,190 --> 01:44:29,190
Anything else?

1188
01:44:29,450 --> 01:44:30,530
Oldschoolfreak.com.

1189
01:44:30,530 --> 01:44:32,950
We have stickers that we can give people.

1190
01:44:32,950 --> 01:44:34,010
Just follow us out.

1191
01:44:34,010 --> 01:44:36,610
We'll talk to your questions and do whatever.

1192
01:44:37,650 --> 01:44:38,630
Hang on just a second.

1193
01:44:38,630 --> 01:44:47,190
You can also, before you go, if you have any questions and you can't get to us directly, my telephone number is on my website, so call me up there.

1194
01:44:47,410 --> 01:44:51,310
Further reading of resources, on to the slideshow on your TV.

1195
01:44:51,310 --> 01:44:53,090
Thank you for coming, everybody.