1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:04,920 12 years in information security experience, but he still considers himself a social 2 00:00:04,920 --> 00:00:10,360 engineer noob. I'm going to quote him on this. He enjoys all aspects of info security, but 3 00:00:10,360 --> 00:00:15,840 enjoys creeping on people and infrastructure using OSINT the most. And he's kind of, even 4 00:00:16,400 --> 00:00:20,580 though he's kind of creepy, he has been accused of having a man crush on the human hacker. 5 00:00:24,380 --> 00:00:29,800 Notice that's accused. This talk is not sponsored by his organization and if it was, 6 00:00:30,000 --> 00:00:33,620 he may be unemployed after giving it. So let's give him our attention. Fahey Owens. The 7 00:00:33,620 --> 00:00:37,220 theme is Beyond Phishing, Building and Sustaining a Corporate SE Program. 8 00:00:40,080 --> 00:00:46,360 Thank you, DEFCON SE Village. Thanks, Chris and Michelle, for this opportunity. I'm a 9 00:00:46,360 --> 00:00:50,780 cybersecurity manager at some financial services company. If you Google me, it'd be pretty 10 00:00:50,780 --> 00:00:55,360 easy to find. I've managed an ethical hacking team, vulnerability management team, and I 11 00:00:55,360 --> 00:00:58,380 have a social engineering team. And they're here today. 12 00:01:00,960 --> 00:01:07,140 And I, if you have any questions about this talk, e-mail me or you can follow me on Twitter. 13 00:01:07,420 --> 00:01:13,760 But I have an announcement to make. I'm a recovery for social, I've been addicted to social 14 00:01:13,760 --> 00:01:17,520 engineering for a long time and I'm in a recovery program for it. But I wasn't always 15 00:01:17,520 --> 00:01:21,740 addicted. In fact, I really didn't believe in social engineering about four or five years 16 00:01:21,740 --> 00:01:29,440 ago. I used to go to DEFCON over in Rio, see the social engineering village, come in, take a seat, 17 00:01:30,020 --> 00:01:36,380 take a look at people in the smelly box. I stayed there for a couple of minutes and I'd leave because I 18 00:01:36,380 --> 00:01:40,560 really didn't believe in it. And I managed an ethical hacking team at the time. And then things 19 00:01:40,560 --> 00:01:47,400 changed. You see, one day I came to work and my boss said, we want you to phish to people. And 20 00:01:47,400 --> 00:01:54,000 I'm like, why would I want to do that? You want me to do what? Phish to people. 21 00:01:54,600 --> 00:01:59,980 That's no fun. I was into Web applications, clients and things of that nature. I did want to phish 22 00:01:59,980 --> 00:02:05,520 not want to phish to people and no one on my team wanted to do that as well. So how hard could 23 00:02:05,520 --> 00:02:14,220 it be? You put a phish together, send an e-mail out and I did that and it was a disaster. We 24 00:02:14,220 --> 00:02:18,580 interrupt operations, the help desk was flooded with calls, the mail team was flooded with 25 00:02:18,580 --> 00:02:25,360 calls and the incident response team was flooded with calls. So I started thinking. I got a 26 00:02:25,360 --> 00:02:30,480 chance to redeem myself. And I had to find a way to answer this question of phishing 27 00:02:30,480 --> 00:02:36,540 organization. So I do what we all do when we have problems. We go to Google. And when I 28 00:02:36,540 --> 00:02:42,300 searched Google I ran upon the social-engineer.org website. Why? That's the same website of the 29 00:02:42,300 --> 00:02:47,860 team that manages the SE Village. So I went there and I listened to all the podcasts that were 30 00:02:47,860 --> 00:02:52,540 there. And I listened to Chris go through puberty in a podcast from number 1 to podcast 60. 31 00:02:55,720 --> 00:03:01,980 I'm just saying, Chris, your voice did get deeper as you moved on. And then I listened to 32 00:03:01,980 --> 00:03:09,360 podcast 44 because that's when a sultry Asian first started. I listened to that podcast about 33 00:03:09,360 --> 00:03:17,880 3 or 4 times. Yeah, I'm a little creepy. 3 or 4. And I read all the SE books and then I 34 00:03:17,880 --> 00:03:24,880 created a methodology. One of the things in this methodology that I created was to communicate. 35 00:03:25,660 --> 00:03:29,960 All the people who should do everything. Okay. And I did that and I had some success. Now, 36 00:03:30,060 --> 00:03:36,540 people still failed, but I did not interrupt the organization's operation at the time. You see 37 00:03:36,540 --> 00:03:40,140 when you run an ethical hacking, or you run vulnerability assessments, you only need to let 38 00:03:40,140 --> 00:03:45,040 the system owner know that you're going to perform an assessment. And they usually complain 39 00:03:45,040 --> 00:03:49,460 because you know they're going to end up with filings. But when you test a people and you 40 00:03:49,460 --> 00:03:55,340 let them know that it's coming they're like, oh OK. And I did that. For the people I was towering back 41 00:03:55,360 --> 00:04:00,060 But see, it comes with a cost. You see that chart at the bottom down there with the line 42 00:04:00,060 --> 00:04:06,540 going down? That's not the click rate. That's your popularity. You see? You will not be 43 00:04:06,540 --> 00:04:13,640 popular if you're phishing the entire organization continuously. So started thinking, is 44 00:04:13,640 --> 00:04:17,860 this really a career? Do really people get, I mean, do people really get paid for this 45 00:04:17,860 --> 00:04:23,100 besides Chris and Michelle? What about the other three deadly social engineering sins such 46 00:04:23,100 --> 00:04:28,440 as USP smishing and phishing? Well, did a Google search and it seems that social 47 00:04:28,440 --> 00:04:33,600 engineering is in good company. It was listed as one of the top six well-paying jobs of 2014. 48 00:04:34,860 --> 00:04:40,620 Right between bomb disposal diver and power line helicopter pilot. And it was still 49 00:04:40,620 --> 00:04:48,320 right behind the elusive ethical hacker. But where are jobs really today? You see, I did a 50 00:04:48,320 --> 00:04:53,080 search on the Google, do a little Google dorking, and you see indeed.com has a lot of 51 00:04:53,080 --> 00:05:00,840 jobs. That's 8,442 jobs. That's enough jobs for us all, right? Well, indeed, simply hired had 52 00:05:00,840 --> 00:05:09,000 150 and zip recruiter had one. You see, those aren't real jobs. Those are fake jobs. Kind of 53 00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:15,000 like fake news. In fact, what they do is they take any hit against social and list it as a job. 54 00:05:15,140 --> 00:05:20,740 So it could be social worker. It could be someone doing something with social media and it's 55 00:05:20,740 --> 00:05:23,060 listed as a social engineering job. But let's take a look at the other side of the spectrum. So, 56 00:05:23,080 --> 00:05:30,300 let's take a closer look at that zip recruiter job. So, this job, it has benefits, which, you 57 00:05:30,300 --> 00:05:34,980 know, we all need benefits. But if you look at the technical skills that you need, you need 58 00:05:34,980 --> 00:05:39,700 about five-plus years of social engineering planning, five-plus years of fishing and vishing 59 00:05:39,700 --> 00:05:44,940 exercise experience, five-plus years operating a simulated fishing platform, and five-plus 60 00:05:44,940 --> 00:05:51,640 years of training and awareness. Now, who in here would really qualify for that job? No, you 61 00:05:51,640 --> 00:05:53,060 wouldn't. They wouldn't. They wouldn't. They wouldn't. They wouldn't. They wouldn't. They wouldn't. They 62 00:05:53,060 --> 00:05:53,820 would all get their asses in the air. But technically that's one. So we Kevinankind, lamb'd 63 00:05:53,820 --> 00:05:59,300 working in Montgomery. We've worked. So, we're working, one. And you know what? That 64 00:05:59,300 --> 00:06:05,680 job is filled. That's probably who applied for it. The job was filled as of July 19th, and don't 65 00:06:05,680 --> 00:06:12,900 ask how I know. As was brought out earlier, we all know that the need for social engineering 66 00:06:12,900 --> 00:06:20,420 continues. Recently, in the IBM cybersecurity threat intelligence index, 95% of all data 67 00:06:20,420 --> 00:06:23,040 breaches involved some form of social engineering, even if an executive board hid it. So, in this 68 00:06:23,040 --> 00:06:26,680 In fact, it continues to impact us as people. 69 00:06:27,480 --> 00:06:32,420 The U.S. elections, good old John Podesta getting a phishing e-mail through the DNC. 70 00:06:32,580 --> 00:06:37,280 And recently they started to state that the French elections were impacted by social engineering as well. 71 00:06:38,500 --> 00:06:39,920 USBs haven't been out of the news. 72 00:06:40,220 --> 00:06:46,320 Just last year there was a study by the University of Illinois that stated about 95% of all students were plugged in USB drives. 73 00:06:46,700 --> 00:06:50,800 And IBM recently shipped USB drives to its customers with malware. 74 00:06:51,580 --> 00:06:55,400 And when it comes to phishing, we don't need to go any further than our own family. 75 00:06:55,520 --> 00:06:56,340 Yes, your grandparents. 76 00:06:56,800 --> 00:07:03,500 Go and ask your grandparents if they've received a phishing call, whether from the IRS or the scam that was going around, 77 00:07:03,640 --> 00:07:05,520 asking if, you know, can you hear me now? 78 00:07:05,720 --> 00:07:08,860 And they say yes, and they get signed up for some type of service. 79 00:07:08,920 --> 00:07:09,680 They get something in the mail. 80 00:07:09,980 --> 00:07:13,160 So the need is still there, whether it's for corporate America. 81 00:07:13,320 --> 00:07:16,920 The need for training is still there, whether it's for corporate America or whether it's for us. 82 00:07:18,240 --> 00:07:19,740 But let's take a look at the millennials. 83 00:07:20,980 --> 00:07:25,940 This is the largest group as of 2015 that's employed in your corporation. 84 00:07:26,280 --> 00:07:28,240 They make up over half of all new hires. 85 00:07:29,380 --> 00:07:33,780 This group is the most technologically advanced group ever. 86 00:07:34,080 --> 00:07:38,260 They literally grew up with the Internet, and they literally grew up with phones in their hands. 87 00:07:39,020 --> 00:07:41,440 This group prefers texting over phone calls. 88 00:07:42,160 --> 00:07:46,720 And, in fact, most of them, over 68%, admit to texting a lot. 89 00:07:47,720 --> 00:07:49,440 Email for them is secondary. 90 00:07:50,040 --> 00:07:50,560 But. 91 00:07:50,800 --> 00:07:53,920 Even with this, overall email use continues to rise. 92 00:07:54,560 --> 00:07:59,920 So that goes to show you that phishing and smishing will be a vector for this generation that's coming in. 93 00:08:01,300 --> 00:08:05,880 I had a chance to do my own survey against millennials, and I had some pretty interesting results. 94 00:08:07,260 --> 00:08:10,800 Fifty-five percent claimed to know about social engineering, so that's pretty good. 95 00:08:10,840 --> 00:08:14,360 You can tell by the size of the audience here. 96 00:08:15,160 --> 00:08:20,780 But ninety-six percent claimed to have been phished or received an unsolicited email. 97 00:08:20,780 --> 00:08:22,740 Or received a phone call or a text message within the last six months. 98 00:08:23,720 --> 00:08:25,900 Eighty-two percent never heard of smishing. 99 00:08:26,680 --> 00:08:28,980 Ninety percent never heard of phishing. 100 00:08:29,400 --> 00:08:36,660 And only 79% would say that they would not plug in a file on a USB drive or a mobile device. 101 00:08:37,420 --> 00:08:43,160 But this arrogant group, 50% of them claim they know how to handle all of the above, even though they never heard of two of them. 102 00:08:45,940 --> 00:08:49,200 Doing research on some of the data that I have access to, 103 00:08:49,320 --> 00:08:50,640 I see a bunch of them still. 104 00:08:50,780 --> 00:08:51,880 They still fail phishing attempts. 105 00:08:52,320 --> 00:08:55,880 In fact, they fail more than us so-called old folks. 106 00:08:56,640 --> 00:08:59,740 Some more research shows that they have poor hygiene as far as security. 107 00:09:00,320 --> 00:09:04,040 There was a recent study that showed that of people who reused their emails, 108 00:09:04,650 --> 00:09:08,600 of the total population that reused their passwords, 109 00:09:09,120 --> 00:09:12,540 of the total populace, 92% were millennials. 110 00:09:13,280 --> 00:09:18,860 In fact, another study showed that even though they're more comfortable using technology than their elders, 111 00:09:19,510 --> 00:09:20,760 that security is still there. 112 00:09:20,780 --> 00:09:22,260 It doesn't flow down into the organization. 113 00:09:24,680 --> 00:09:26,800 So, this is your organization, right? 114 00:09:27,020 --> 00:09:30,580 So how do you move beyond phishing to move to the next three deadly sins? 115 00:09:30,940 --> 00:09:34,120 Smishing, USB access, malicious media, or phishing? 116 00:09:34,800 --> 00:09:37,960 In my experience, I've had to deal with what I call the big three. 117 00:09:39,340 --> 00:09:42,040 HR, legal, and people in the politics. 118 00:09:43,120 --> 00:09:44,300 So, let's start with HR. 119 00:09:44,540 --> 00:09:45,340 We know their job. 120 00:09:45,500 --> 00:09:46,940 Their role is to help protect the people. 121 00:09:47,300 --> 00:09:48,620 They do payroll sometimes. 122 00:09:48,840 --> 00:09:49,380 They do benefits. 123 00:09:49,380 --> 00:09:52,720 And they hire people, and they probably regret hiring me. 124 00:09:54,000 --> 00:09:56,420 But, you want to make sure that you're friends with this group. 125 00:09:56,700 --> 00:09:58,980 You want to make sure that you build a strong relationship with them, 126 00:09:59,020 --> 00:10:00,760 especially if you look to move past phishing. 127 00:10:01,040 --> 00:10:07,760 You don't want to do anything hypothetical like sending a payroll phishing email at the end of the month, 128 00:10:07,820 --> 00:10:11,740 which impacted payroll and your paycheck was messed up a little bit. 129 00:10:13,260 --> 00:10:15,880 And you also want to make sure that you're friends with legal. 130 00:10:16,300 --> 00:10:18,020 They do the thing, you know, they do the right thing. 131 00:10:18,060 --> 00:10:18,980 They do all their lawyer stuff. 132 00:10:18,980 --> 00:10:20,140 I don't know much about law. 133 00:10:20,320 --> 00:10:26,720 But you want to make sure that you understand what the operational impact of sending a phishing email or moving beyond that is. 134 00:10:27,600 --> 00:10:34,380 For instance, on a Friday night, you don't want to send any legal related document because they are obligated to stay there. 135 00:10:34,500 --> 00:10:38,880 And some poor clerk may be there responding to a phishing email unknowingly. 136 00:10:39,520 --> 00:10:40,960 And not that any of this has happened. 137 00:10:42,660 --> 00:10:45,140 Now, let's move on to the last of the big three. 138 00:10:45,280 --> 00:10:47,560 Your company's politics and their ego. 139 00:10:48,120 --> 00:10:48,660 You see. 140 00:10:48,660 --> 00:10:52,120 I have listed Dr. Paul Ekman's seven emotions. 141 00:10:52,440 --> 00:10:57,200 There's anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, surprise, and contempt. 142 00:10:57,720 --> 00:10:59,420 Now, you think about the size of your organization. 143 00:10:59,780 --> 00:11:02,300 You think about all of this is always constantly going on. 144 00:11:02,340 --> 00:11:03,640 All these emotions are changing. 145 00:11:03,700 --> 00:11:06,280 All these triggers are happening at any moment of the day. 146 00:11:06,480 --> 00:11:11,980 And when you start to want to move past phishing and they get wind of it, you know, it may be a problem. 147 00:11:12,320 --> 00:11:17,080 I can tell you that I've dealt with anger, disgust, and contempt the most out of all of these seven. 148 00:11:17,080 --> 00:11:22,140 And as you look to move forward with this, you may deal with these as well. 149 00:11:24,120 --> 00:11:25,400 So how do you tame that? 150 00:11:25,700 --> 00:11:27,140 How do you deal with the big three? 151 00:11:27,360 --> 00:11:29,200 First off, you've got to do your homework. 152 00:11:29,600 --> 00:11:30,840 You've got to do the boring stuff. 153 00:11:31,340 --> 00:11:34,900 You've got to go look at your organizational policies and standards. 154 00:11:35,300 --> 00:11:41,480 Because that's the only way that you'll be able to make sure that your programs line up with what the organization says. 155 00:11:41,800 --> 00:11:45,020 How are you supposed to handle a suspicious phone call? 156 00:11:45,140 --> 00:11:47,060 How are you supposed to handle an unsolicited call? 157 00:11:47,060 --> 00:11:48,620 How are you supposed to handle an unsolicited text message on your phone? 158 00:11:49,420 --> 00:11:55,180 Also, you want to add more meat by looking at the threat by using real-time threat intelligence. 159 00:11:55,460 --> 00:12:02,460 You want to look at any threats that happen against your organization and any threats that happen against your industry or your stack. 160 00:12:03,100 --> 00:12:12,920 And also, you want to read any breach reports you can because that will help give you food as you move forward to introducing these new programs or new steps in your program. 161 00:12:13,620 --> 00:12:17,000 And most importantly, you want to create a methodology. 162 00:12:17,860 --> 00:12:23,000 You see, how are you going to handle USB drives across multiple areas? 163 00:12:24,520 --> 00:12:25,900 How are you going to prepare them? 164 00:12:26,000 --> 00:12:27,380 And how are you going to destroy them? 165 00:12:27,460 --> 00:12:33,760 Because there's no way that you send them, even if a USB drive was brought back, there's no way you should send that back out in the field. 166 00:12:34,320 --> 00:12:35,420 The other thing was smishing. 167 00:12:35,780 --> 00:12:44,660 As we look into BYOD devices, you run into legal issues about leaving artifacts on there if you decide to drop payload. 168 00:12:44,940 --> 00:12:47,040 And also the information that you pull back on those devices. 169 00:12:47,060 --> 00:12:49,120 And then, phishing. 170 00:12:49,320 --> 00:12:50,240 Pre-texting. 171 00:12:50,280 --> 00:12:51,820 This is new language for them. 172 00:12:51,880 --> 00:12:54,440 They're not going to understand what a pre-text is, so you're going to have to explain it. 173 00:12:54,520 --> 00:12:59,080 And also, you're going to have to explain what the target should be and what the success rate is. 174 00:12:59,200 --> 00:13:02,080 If someone receives a phishing phone call, what are they supposed to do? 175 00:13:02,680 --> 00:13:05,700 You want to review your local privacy laws, just like they've done here in Nevada. 176 00:13:05,960 --> 00:13:09,320 And you also want to explain how often you're going to do your assessments. 177 00:13:09,680 --> 00:13:12,860 And once again, you've got to communicate to the big three. 178 00:13:15,400 --> 00:13:17,040 And you also want to sustain that. 179 00:13:17,720 --> 00:13:19,600 You're going to want to do data analysis. 180 00:13:19,980 --> 00:13:24,440 You want to get all the data that you can from phishing and smishing results. 181 00:13:24,820 --> 00:13:28,620 You want information like their age and their gender and their language and department of job roles. 182 00:13:28,820 --> 00:13:34,340 Getting this information will help you understand what the attack surface looks like in your organization when it comes to people. 183 00:13:34,580 --> 00:13:39,500 You'll be able to work with training and awareness and have them target their training towards certain parts of the organization. 184 00:13:40,040 --> 00:13:47,040 The other data that you receive from fails from smishing and from the other data that you receive from smishing 185 00:13:47,060 --> 00:13:50,660 and from phishing includes system and device patch information. 186 00:13:51,220 --> 00:13:56,720 You can use that to share with the vulnerability management team to help understand gaps that are in your environment for patching. 187 00:13:57,080 --> 00:14:00,700 And another thing you want to do, get real incidents. 188 00:14:01,260 --> 00:14:02,460 Work with the IR team. 189 00:14:02,820 --> 00:14:09,480 Find out the people who get real phishing emails and check to see what the test results are for them in those phishing emails. 190 00:14:09,680 --> 00:14:14,200 And that way you can also get that to training and awareness and use that to help get specialized training. 191 00:14:14,420 --> 00:14:17,040 And again, continue that line of communication. 192 00:14:17,680 --> 00:14:19,140 And continue that moving on. 193 00:14:19,600 --> 00:14:23,380 And overall you want that to help improve your overall program. 194 00:14:24,360 --> 00:14:25,840 And also you want to get creative. 195 00:14:26,280 --> 00:14:34,560 You know, the organization gets tired or gets used to seeing just your normal fluorescent USB drives with something written across it. 196 00:14:34,720 --> 00:14:36,260 You know, you got a bunch of millennials in there. 197 00:14:36,300 --> 00:14:37,280 They have short attention spans. 198 00:14:37,500 --> 00:14:42,100 So do things like, you know, comic books or comic characters, things of that nature. 199 00:14:42,240 --> 00:14:44,900 And in your organization, people may be starving for hardware. 200 00:14:45,180 --> 00:14:45,880 Use mice. 201 00:14:45,880 --> 00:14:48,460 And I'm not saying you have to program the USB drives. 202 00:14:48,680 --> 00:14:51,220 But just use generic USB drives next to a mouse. 203 00:14:51,380 --> 00:14:53,880 You will be surprised what people plug in. 204 00:14:54,200 --> 00:15:01,040 Even if your organizational policy states that they're not supposed to plug in USB drives, they still plug in a bunch of other things. 205 00:15:01,300 --> 00:15:03,800 And if you don't believe me, get access to your scene logs. 206 00:15:05,160 --> 00:15:07,340 Also, don't try to boil the ocean. 207 00:15:07,640 --> 00:15:10,100 Get access to open source tools. 208 00:15:10,360 --> 00:15:11,860 Use the social engineering tool kit. 209 00:15:12,080 --> 00:15:13,160 Use Kingfisher. 210 00:15:13,320 --> 00:15:15,860 And just recently we started looking at the space. 211 00:15:15,880 --> 00:15:19,720 The smart phone pen test framework from George Weidman. 212 00:15:22,040 --> 00:15:26,820 Other factors that may impact you as you want to move beyond phishing, the size of your organization. 213 00:15:27,280 --> 00:15:30,340 This may not work if it's about 100 people inside your organization. 214 00:15:30,760 --> 00:15:30,880 Okay? 215 00:15:31,420 --> 00:15:34,980 And you also want to make sure you get your executive and leadership buy-in. 216 00:15:35,260 --> 00:15:40,780 I'm fortunate or my organization is fortunate to have that, to have our leaders believe in all four aspects of social engineering. 217 00:15:41,080 --> 00:15:41,480 Okay? 218 00:15:41,560 --> 00:15:42,440 And your budget. 219 00:15:43,120 --> 00:15:44,780 Again, when it comes to USB drives. 220 00:15:44,780 --> 00:15:47,480 You know, not everybody can afford to get 200 rubber duckies. 221 00:15:47,520 --> 00:15:48,460 So you have to get creative. 222 00:15:48,680 --> 00:15:50,760 You may have to write batch files or scripts on those drives. 223 00:15:51,480 --> 00:15:53,580 And last but not least, your company culture. 224 00:15:53,980 --> 00:15:55,480 You know, that plays a big part. 225 00:15:55,640 --> 00:16:02,600 Because, again, as you go against the third leg of that big three, you know, that can be quite challenging to get past. 226 00:16:03,480 --> 00:16:07,880 And if you can't get through any of them, don't try to boil the ocean, as the last speaker said. 227 00:16:08,140 --> 00:16:09,000 Choose just one. 228 00:16:09,500 --> 00:16:10,720 Maybe it's just phishing. 229 00:16:10,860 --> 00:16:11,920 Or maybe it's just phishing. 230 00:16:11,920 --> 00:16:17,500 Depending on if your organization has a large customer service base or a large mobile workforce. 231 00:16:19,320 --> 00:16:23,860 So the goal is to reduce the impact from all social engineering attacks. 232 00:16:24,280 --> 00:16:26,400 Most organizations are doing phishing today. 233 00:16:26,700 --> 00:16:30,340 You know, one of the ways, but we want to push past phishing. 234 00:16:30,660 --> 00:16:33,100 And one of the ways to do that is create a methodology. 235 00:16:33,380 --> 00:16:38,080 You know, we have to communicate with other parts of the organization as we move past phishing. 236 00:16:38,320 --> 00:16:40,360 And we also want to do continuous testing. 237 00:16:40,360 --> 00:16:42,160 Frequency depends upon your culture. 238 00:16:42,540 --> 00:16:49,120 And also you want to take all your findings and make sure that you can get that tied into your social engineering awareness training programs. 239 00:16:50,700 --> 00:16:59,540 So in conclusion, if you're phishing and you're trying to move past that and get to the other four, don't give up. 240 00:17:00,040 --> 00:17:02,840 It's taken me about four years to get to this point. 241 00:17:03,920 --> 00:17:09,580 And also, there's a real need for more social engineering jobs, not just fake ones out there on the web. 242 00:17:09,580 --> 00:17:16,100 So hopefully in the future, one day when you do a job search for social engineer, you'll find about 200 plus jobs. 243 00:17:16,500 --> 00:17:17,180 Thanks. 244 00:17:28,200 --> 00:17:29,400 Any questions? 245 00:17:33,360 --> 00:17:39,560 What's your opinion of services such as Wombat or other platforms that are free-for-all? 246 00:17:41,820 --> 00:17:48,920 I think that SaaS services play a part, especially when you do a large-scale phishing. 247 00:17:49,460 --> 00:17:53,980 But each tool has its particular place. 248 00:17:54,120 --> 00:17:58,420 But I still prefer to use open source tools for certain techniques and attacks. 249 00:18:00,280 --> 00:18:01,160 There's one in the back. 250 00:18:02,660 --> 00:18:09,300 Six to nine months ago, the Department of Homeland Security and the FBI said that they considered phishing to be more dangerous than hacking. 251 00:18:09,300 --> 00:18:09,560 That's right. 252 00:18:09,580 --> 00:18:10,060 I think that's the whole point. 253 00:18:10,380 --> 00:18:11,100 Remember that statement? 254 00:18:11,360 --> 00:18:12,020 Yes, I do. 255 00:18:12,220 --> 00:18:15,520 They actually said that that was more deadly, more dangerous, and more of a threat. 256 00:18:16,240 --> 00:18:17,480 What does that say? 257 00:18:17,860 --> 00:18:20,720 That's saying that it is a threat, right? 258 00:18:20,860 --> 00:18:23,320 I mean, phishing, you know, everyone is phishing right now. 259 00:18:23,440 --> 00:18:25,160 That still continues to be a threat. 260 00:18:25,760 --> 00:18:29,840 In fact, I think the IRS has a training program now that you can take for phishing. 261 00:18:30,320 --> 00:18:32,180 But you can't ignore the other threats. 262 00:18:32,320 --> 00:18:34,760 You know, we still have phishing attacks and smishing attacks that happen. 263 00:18:34,860 --> 00:18:38,180 And especially not only against us personally but against us in corporations. 264 00:18:38,180 --> 00:18:41,340 But, yes, phishing will still be number one for a while. 265 00:18:43,620 --> 00:18:46,400 What about other channels such as Slack? 266 00:18:47,380 --> 00:18:48,220 Such as Slack? 267 00:18:48,480 --> 00:18:48,600 Yeah. 268 00:18:51,140 --> 00:18:52,300 I'll have to think about that one. 269 00:18:52,560 --> 00:18:57,260 So the question is what about other channels such as Slack? 270 00:18:57,460 --> 00:18:57,640 Yeah. 271 00:18:57,680 --> 00:19:06,600 So my organization does a lot of security testing myself and my team because of the nature of the things that we deal with. 272 00:19:06,600 --> 00:19:15,240 But one of the ones I haven't seen them utilize yet is Slack, which would be a very good vector given the rate at which we are hiring people and the people . 273 00:19:15,920 --> 00:19:18,580 So validation against that would be difficult. 274 00:19:18,800 --> 00:19:28,260 So somebody could come in and request something and then your team member may respond to that and provide access without doing proper validation. 275 00:19:28,700 --> 00:19:30,460 And it's not a method that we normally see. 276 00:19:30,720 --> 00:19:33,560 That is a good attack vector. 277 00:19:33,700 --> 00:19:35,080 And I'll have to do some more research on that. 278 00:19:35,180 --> 00:19:35,940 But that's good. 279 00:19:36,600 --> 00:19:38,900 So Slack and other methods of communication. 280 00:19:39,440 --> 00:19:39,600 Yeah. 281 00:19:41,120 --> 00:19:42,040 Any more questions? 282 00:19:43,940 --> 00:19:45,000 Any more questions? 283 00:19:46,080 --> 00:19:46,740 I'm sorry. 284 00:19:46,900 --> 00:19:47,440 Hey, Howie. 285 00:19:49,000 --> 00:19:54,260 What do you think is the least amount of coverage that people don't know about phishing? 286 00:19:55,160 --> 00:19:56,600 Oh, that's a good question. 287 00:19:56,760 --> 00:19:59,980 Which of the four have the least amount of coverage? 288 00:20:00,180 --> 00:20:04,240 I would say most people know about phishing. 289 00:20:04,240 --> 00:20:06,840 And they know about vishing. 290 00:20:07,020 --> 00:20:08,680 They know of it or they've experienced it. 291 00:20:09,180 --> 00:20:11,780 And you hear more people start talking about USB attacks. 292 00:20:12,040 --> 00:20:14,200 And the last would be smishing. 293 00:20:14,380 --> 00:20:21,240 People, they don't know what a smish is or basically a spear phish against a phone. 294 00:20:21,380 --> 00:20:23,300 And they don't know how to respond to that. 295 00:20:24,320 --> 00:20:25,060 No, thank you. 296 00:20:26,720 --> 00:20:27,160 . 297 00:20:28,160 --> 00:20:28,640 . 298 00:20:37,800 --> 00:20:43,600 So how do we handle the limitations of the team size and getting used to the voice? 299 00:20:44,280 --> 00:20:46,380 I'm in a large organization. 300 00:20:46,660 --> 00:20:48,480 So I do a lot of training awareness. 301 00:20:48,580 --> 00:20:51,240 So I don't do any of the calls. 302 00:20:51,560 --> 00:20:55,040 But our team, they're pretty good. 303 00:20:57,840 --> 00:20:59,240 . 304 00:21:01,500 --> 00:21:02,900 . 305 00:21:09,920 --> 00:21:11,320 . 306 00:21:13,560 --> 00:21:14,960 . 307 00:21:14,960 --> 00:21:16,620 . 308 00:21:16,620 --> 00:21:16,740 . 309 00:21:18,060 --> 00:21:18,620 . 310 00:21:19,480 --> 00:21:20,040 . 311 00:21:20,040 --> 00:21:27,520 So the question is have we ever brought in a third party or had a third-party assessment? 312 00:21:27,720 --> 00:21:30,520 People fail or are victimized in their feelings? 313 00:21:31,360 --> 00:21:31,920 Yes. 314 00:21:32,160 --> 00:21:46,640 So that's one of the downsides of kind of doing this, is that you hear a lot of complaints and we have mailboxes or social networking groups set up for people to express themselves. 315 00:21:46,720 --> 00:21:52,500 themselves. And in fact on one of the slides I was going to mention that I think we've 316 00:21:52,500 --> 00:21:56,900 received maybe less than five to ten people who have actually sent emails saying thank you. 317 00:21:57,520 --> 00:22:03,360 Most of them are, you know, why are you doing this? I don't have time for it. This is my 318 00:22:03,360 --> 00:22:07,880 day. This is my job. I don't care. Things of that nature. So one of the things that we do 319 00:22:07,880 --> 00:22:14,440 is I try to give real attacks. I try to give incidents that come across from incident 320 00:22:14,440 --> 00:22:19,740 response and say here, so you don't care about, you know, clicking an email. This is a real 321 00:22:19,740 --> 00:22:24,800 attack that came against this person and the impact would have been X. And that's one thing 322 00:22:24,800 --> 00:22:31,860 that I find helps out a lot. Real attacks. Using canned examples from, you know, a fast tool 323 00:22:32,400 --> 00:22:37,460 doesn't work. But when you show real examples of a CEO who was attacked or just a phishing 324 00:22:37,460 --> 00:22:43,520 attack against someone within the organization, that turns the lights on. Question? 325 00:22:43,520 --> 00:22:49,520 Yeah, I'm kind of curious. These people that are responding backward, negatively, what kind of impact 326 00:22:49,520 --> 00:22:52,100 does it have on them? Are they just wasting their time? Are they off the fire? 327 00:22:53,080 --> 00:22:59,260 No. So, you know, I believe that people should have the ability to express themselves. 328 00:22:59,880 --> 00:23:03,780 But at the same time, you know, they need to understand why we're doing this. So again, 329 00:23:03,900 --> 00:23:10,180 communicating. I like real world information. I like using real world attacks to show them the need. 330 00:23:10,360 --> 00:23:13,460 You misunderstand. What I mean though is people that are upset, are they 331 00:23:13,520 --> 00:23:18,300 upset because of any impact on them other than loss of time because of your attack? Or were they 332 00:23:18,300 --> 00:23:21,920 penalized at all because they didn't handle it very well? I think it's a little bit of both. 333 00:23:23,640 --> 00:23:30,160 So when you read some of the reviews that we received back, it is some point to training. 334 00:23:30,320 --> 00:23:34,200 You know, I haven't had enough training. Or we haven't had, you know, X amount of training. Or it 335 00:23:34,200 --> 00:23:40,500 may be I was in the middle of something and I clicked a link because X. You know, and this was 336 00:23:40,500 --> 00:23:43,140 unfair because my day is busy. So it's a little bit of both. 337 00:23:47,420 --> 00:23:54,300 Good one. So return of investment, when you have a, when you use open source tools, 338 00:23:54,460 --> 00:24:01,840 that keeps down the cost, right? Trying to disperse a boatload of USB drives on a frequent 339 00:24:01,840 --> 00:24:08,140 basis. I can't say how many. You use cheap drives. You know, like I couldn't afford to use 340 00:24:08,140 --> 00:24:13,420 rubber duckies all the time, right? Because of cost. But the return of investment on the overall 341 00:24:13,520 --> 00:24:20,340 program itself. So for me, I really don't have to worry about the click rate going down. I'm not 342 00:24:20,340 --> 00:24:24,960 judged by that. That's another department, which is great. But on the other hand, you want to 343 00:24:25,340 --> 00:24:30,240 define what your success factor is. And that success factor is really defined by what a user 344 00:24:30,240 --> 00:24:35,500 does when they receive a suspicious e-mail or call. Did they follow the right thing? Did they do 345 00:24:35,500 --> 00:24:43,240 the right thing? Which is either, which is reported. You mentioned earlier about real world attacking 346 00:24:43,520 --> 00:24:47,800 and trying to model what actually happened. But you also said about how it might have been 347 00:24:47,800 --> 00:24:53,160 wondrous to interrupt operations. How do you sort of balance the two or three real world attacks 348 00:24:53,160 --> 00:24:58,280 while not simultaneously affecting operations in a negative way? So when you look at real 349 00:24:58,280 --> 00:25:07,420 world attacks, I can use, I can use this. So the, the attack against the DNC, I believe, had a 350 00:25:07,420 --> 00:25:13,500 spear phishing e-mail that was, that was targeted toward cyber security, actually. So the 351 00:25:13,520 --> 00:25:17,660 attack against cyber security, right? When you, when you look at attacks like that, and you 352 00:25:17,660 --> 00:25:21,560 look at the operation, you look at the operational impact. So you're, generally in most 353 00:25:21,560 --> 00:25:27,600 organizations, finance, HR, payroll, those are, you know, those are pretty much your, your 354 00:25:28,580 --> 00:25:31,900 high, high value organizations. And of course you have your executive levels and things of that 355 00:25:31,900 --> 00:25:39,160 nature. So when we go after, when we target those groups, we want to communicate with someone 356 00:25:39,160 --> 00:25:43,320 that's in there, in that area. You want to have someone that's in there that champions you and 357 00:25:43,520 --> 00:25:48,720 understands what's going on. So when you do send that off, so that there's not, you want to 358 00:25:48,720 --> 00:25:52,660 communicate, basically. So there's not mass panic when one of those types of scenarios go off. 359 00:25:55,660 --> 00:26:02,320 Do you, and this kind of goes back to another gentleman's question. When people fail tests, 360 00:26:02,640 --> 00:26:09,680 people who get up there, if they fail on a continuous basis, is there a plan that you guys have in 361 00:26:09,680 --> 00:26:13,500 place within their own management structure to increase the number of people who fail? 362 00:26:13,520 --> 00:26:20,460 How do you address their, uh, knowledge and, uh, feeling responsibility to this? 363 00:26:20,480 --> 00:26:22,020 When they say, I just don't care. 364 00:26:23,380 --> 00:26:28,420 So, okay. So, uh, I'm going to shorten it. How do you, how do you address someone that doesn't care? 365 00:26:28,700 --> 00:26:32,860 Okay. That's a good question because it came up, uh, last week in a conversation that I had. 366 00:26:32,980 --> 00:26:38,460 How do you know that someone doesn't care? You know, how do you know if someone fails 12 times a year, 367 00:26:38,580 --> 00:26:42,920 okay, and they just consistently fail, how do you know that that's egregious? Okay. 368 00:26:42,920 --> 00:26:47,680 So one of the, one of the, the thoughts that I had was you want people to do the right thing no matter 369 00:26:47,680 --> 00:26:52,120 if they fail or not. You want them to report. Is this person doing the right thing or are they just, 370 00:26:52,760 --> 00:26:56,900 you know, failing on purpose? And I think that's, that's probably the only thing that I can 371 00:26:56,900 --> 00:27:02,800 really think of. Are they following the proper, the proper, uh, process for a, a fail within the 372 00:27:02,800 --> 00:27:03,140 organization? 373 00:27:04,060 --> 00:27:09,240 What if they are in a position of power and they can be used to fail? How do you address that? 374 00:27:09,260 --> 00:27:10,080 So, um. 375 00:27:10,600 --> 00:27:11,000 . 376 00:27:11,000 --> 00:27:14,620 If they're, if they're in power and they continues to, continues to fail. 377 00:27:16,320 --> 00:27:19,100 That's, that's still on. Um, camera's still on, right? 378 00:27:19,520 --> 00:27:20,000 . 379 00:27:21,280 --> 00:27:25,720 There is another group that's responsible for training executives at, at my organization. 380 00:27:26,740 --> 00:27:27,220 . 381 00:27:29,060 --> 00:27:31,260 I told you I might be unemployed after this. Yeah. 382 00:27:31,400 --> 00:27:31,840 . 383 00:27:32,420 --> 00:27:39,020 So in the, the slides you had mentioned, uh, uh, an open source framework that wasn't 384 00:27:39,020 --> 00:27:40,180 on the slide. 385 00:27:41,000 --> 00:27:41,400 . 386 00:27:41,400 --> 00:27:46,340 Um, there were, there were, uh, three tools I had listed. One was the, uh, Wisset 387 00:27:46,340 --> 00:27:52,360 social engineering toolkit. The other was King Fisher. And the, the last one was the smart 388 00:27:52,360 --> 00:27:55,040 phone framework by Georgia Weidman. 389 00:27:55,260 --> 00:27:55,600 . 390 00:27:57,340 --> 00:28:00,320 No problem. I got like two minutes. Question? 391 00:28:01,080 --> 00:28:01,600 . 392 00:28:01,600 --> 00:28:01,700 . 393 00:28:01,700 --> 00:28:01,800 . 394 00:28:01,800 --> 00:28:02,020 . 395 00:28:03,700 --> 00:28:05,100 . 396 00:28:09,560 --> 00:28:10,960 . 397 00:28:10,960 --> 00:28:11,020 . 398 00:28:11,020 --> 00:28:11,200 . 399 00:28:11,200 --> 00:28:11,440 . 400 00:28:11,440 --> 00:28:11,480 . 401 00:28:11,480 --> 00:28:13,960 . 402 00:28:13,960 --> 00:28:14,060 . 403 00:28:14,060 --> 00:28:16,360 . 404 00:28:30,560 --> 00:28:31,960 . 405 00:28:31,960 --> 00:28:33,620 . 406 00:28:33,620 --> 00:28:35,260 . 407 00:28:35,260 --> 00:28:35,540 . 408 00:28:35,540 --> 00:28:36,140 . 409 00:28:36,140 --> 00:28:36,340 . 410 00:28:36,340 --> 00:28:37,760 . 411 00:28:37,760 --> 00:28:37,800 . 412 00:28:37,800 --> 00:28:38,500 . 413 00:28:38,500 --> 00:28:38,780 . 414 00:28:38,780 --> 00:28:39,580 . 415 00:28:39,580 --> 00:28:39,680 . 416 00:28:39,680 --> 00:28:39,700 . 417 00:28:39,700 --> 00:28:39,840 . 418 00:28:42,620 --> 00:28:43,320 . 419 00:28:46,540 --> 00:28:47,240 . 420 00:28:47,240 --> 00:28:47,260 . 421 00:28:47,260 --> 00:28:48,180 . 422 00:28:48,180 --> 00:28:48,280 . 423 00:28:48,280 --> 00:28:48,840 . 424 00:28:48,840 --> 00:28:48,920 . 425 00:28:48,920 --> 00:28:48,940 . 426 00:28:52,000 --> 00:28:52,700 . 427 00:28:52,700 --> 00:28:52,720 . 428 00:28:58,720 --> 00:28:59,420 . 429 00:28:59,420 --> 00:28:59,560 . 430 00:29:03,360 --> 00:29:03,640 . 431 00:29:10,860 --> 00:29:11,140 . 432 00:29:11,140 --> 00:29:11,160 . 433 00:29:11,160 --> 00:29:11,180 . 434 00:29:11,180 --> 00:29:11,200 . 435 00:29:11,200 --> 00:29:11,220 . 436 00:29:11,220 --> 00:29:11,260 . 437 00:29:11,260 --> 00:29:11,540 . 438 00:29:12,820 --> 00:29:13,100 . 439 00:29:13,620 --> 00:29:13,900 . 440 00:29:13,900 --> 00:29:14,200 . 441 00:29:15,380 --> 00:29:16,400 . 442 00:29:16,400 --> 00:29:16,520 . 443 00:29:17,660 --> 00:29:18,680 . 444 00:29:18,680 --> 00:29:19,440 . 445 00:29:23,520 --> 00:29:24,540 . 446 00:29:24,540 --> 00:29:24,640 . 447 00:29:24,640 --> 00:29:24,940 . 448 00:29:24,940 --> 00:29:24,960 . 449 00:29:24,960 --> 00:29:25,040 . 450 00:29:26,460 --> 00:29:27,480 . 451 00:29:27,480 --> 00:29:28,200 . 452 00:29:45,000 --> 00:29:46,360 . 453 00:29:48,260 --> 00:29:49,620 . 454 00:29:49,620 --> 00:29:51,380 . 455 00:29:51,380 --> 00:29:51,760 . 456 00:29:51,760 --> 00:29:52,440 . 457 00:29:52,440 --> 00:29:52,460 . 458 00:29:52,460 --> 00:29:52,520 . 459 00:29:52,520 --> 00:29:52,540 . 460 00:29:52,540 --> 00:29:54,100 . 461 00:29:54,100 --> 00:29:56,800 . 462 00:29:56,800 --> 00:29:56,820 . 463 00:30:13,900 --> 00:30:14,120 . 464 00:30:18,860 --> 00:30:19,300 . 465 00:30:28,560 --> 00:30:29,000 . 466 00:30:29,000 --> 00:30:29,120 . 467 00:30:29,120 --> 00:30:29,380 . 468 00:30:29,900 --> 00:30:30,340 . 469 00:30:30,340 --> 00:30:30,980 . 470 00:30:30,980 --> 00:30:31,020 . 471 00:30:31,020 --> 00:30:31,040 . 472 00:30:31,040 --> 00:30:31,060 . 473 00:30:31,060 --> 00:30:31,080 . 474 00:30:34,620 --> 00:30:35,060 . 475 00:30:35,060 --> 00:30:35,260 . 476 00:30:43,900 --> 00:30:44,320 Thank you.