Hi, everybody. Welcome back.
And it looks like our next talk will be by Andrea Myershen.
So her talk will begin just shortly.
So this is a prerecorded video, but she will be doing a live Q&A a little bit afterwards.
Unfortunately, due to some scheduling, it looks like her video will commence at about 12 o'clock to 1.40 PDT.
And she will be joining us about 1.40 PDT Pacific Time to give us a live Q&A.
For those of you who have any questions, she'll be presenting on her Vote at Home project that she's been working on.
And yeah, I will, without further ado, I will start presenting that.
If you all have any questions, let us know.
With the recognition that 2020 has been an extraordinary year
and the confluence of the pandemic with major...
Welcome back to the DEF CON Ethics Village.
I'm Andrea Myershen from Penn State, one of the co-organizers of the village.
And this is the Vote at Home workshop.
During this session, I'm going to introduce you briefly to a project that my lab,
the Policy Innovation Lab of Tomorrow, or Pilot Lab, is working on.
And I'm going to ask you, should you be so inclined to help us a bit
by making the project even better and extending its reach through the use of your various unique skill sets.
So at this point, I'll share my screen and tell you a bit about the project.
The Vote at Home workshop, in this case, is, as you might expect,
about expanding the ability of voters to vote at home.
So this is the homepage, and should you wish to check it out at this juncture
and kind of follow along as I'm talking about it, please feel free.
The one warning that I will give you immediately is that for reasons that will become apparent during the talk,
we haven't had time to optimize it yet for mobile.
So if you are looking at it on a machine, it should render properly.
If you are attempting to check it out with a mobile device, urban tragedy will ensue
and everything will be unusably mangled.
So at this juncture, please indulge us with your patience and check it out on a regular machine.
So what this project is and how it got started was partially with the recognition that 2020 has been an extraordinary year
and the confluence of the pandemic with a major election cycle, including a presidential election
and elections for members of the Senate and the House,
caused a blend of two sets of events that don't work well together,
in particular because so many Americans vote in person.
And so it's with that that the thought occurred to me,
hey, why don't I just go check out and see what kind of informational sites there are currently available
and to see whether there was an organization to partner with to have my lab do its part
in encouraging the spread of civics education and voter education
to ensure that every American has a fair shot at the information required to exercise each of our franchise rights.
So I took a closer look and there are some wonderful resources out there,
but what I realized is that all of these voting sites, or almost all of them,
could in one way or another go one step further.
So specifically, many of the sites refer voters to secretaries of state websites,
which is great, but then they don't really walk through individual secretaries of state websites
and some of them are not organized in a way to help people to succeed.
Other sites are more of a black hole where you type in your information
and they may send you an email later or something like that,
but it didn't really give me a sense of confidence that a voter would end up,
at the end of the day, understanding what was going on with her information
and be sure that there was a chain of events that would lead to her having a ballot counted.
So with those concerns layered on top of the fast pace of changing information in various states
and noticing that even some highly reputable organizations had information on their websites
that was already out of date and didn't reflect what I knew to be the current state of affairs
The first one is, I was just wondering, as you were talking about the
legislation and how it was based on legal wrangling and
changes in law, I thought, okay, maybe there's a space
here to build something that's a little different, that's
focused specifically on helping voters
walk through each step, give them the scaffolding
to succeed. And
also, importantly, to
take a focus away from just casting a ballot
but also on ensuring that the voter has the best
shot of having her ballot be counted in
the election tallies. So, I realized that many of these
websites that are helpful and
run by organizations providing a great
public service, they were nevertheless a bit optimistic.
So, they tend to assume that a Secretary of State website
or a county website would be usable by an average voter
and that the information was finalized
in advance on those sites,
which, unfortunately, wasn't always the case.
Similarly, many of these organizations
appear to presume that the websites would be
arranged in usable ways and, unfortunately, that definitely wasn't the case
in some Secretary of State websites
or certainly not county websites. So,
the implicit assumption is also that a voter has a lot
of patience and time to scroll through and click through things
to dig up the information that is required
to get a handle on the process end-to-end from the point
of registering to vote all the way through to casting,
requesting an absentee or mail-in ballot, casting that
ballot, and trying to give yourself
the best shot of assurance that the vote
was ultimately counted. And
perhaps most troublingly to me, I realized that looking at some
of the deadlines on Secretaries of State's sites,
that based on the way
that current post office delivery times were running,
there was going to be a problem that emerged
along the lines of delivery times
not allowing for things like signature challenges
to get corrected in a way that allows the voters'
vote to still be counted. So,
that concerned me because the confluence of the pandemic and the
logistics of extra mail, etc., could
result in certain voters not having a
fair shot at correcting ballots with
minor imperfections. So,
those concerns that are unique to 2020
made me worried that perhaps
many sites were a little too optimistic in the way that they were framing information
for voter consumption. So, we decided
to take a crack at this. And in this way,
the Vote at Home project was born. It's called
Project Retriever, like a dog
or other animal that fetches things. In this case, we're
helping to fetch ballots. And you can
vote on what kind of animal should be the official retriever
at the bottom of the homepage. So, the URL is listed here
at the top of the page. And so, it's pilotlab.org
backslash vote. That will take you to the homepage.
And our goals are relatively simple. So,
first, to make sure that voters are aware of all of their options
to mitigate the risks of in-person voting
due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In particular, I noticed that the
possibility of receiving a ballot by mail, but then returning it in person
is something that most states have, but it's not
necessarily well known to voters. And that seems
like a hybrid opportunity
to mitigate some risk
and yet to get a greater
feeling of assurance that your vote has arrived
at the point of the election commission
or auditor. The
various bodies are called different things in different states, as you'll see by the site.
So, the second framing is around
helping to give voters the best shot that their votes will
be counted. So, this isn't so much about encouraging
people just to submit requests or just to submit
their ballots, but to give them the information, to arm them with the information
to make sure that they
vote in a way that maximizes the
potential for their votes arriving in the correct places
at the correct times and to be counted with the greatest
level of certainty. Third, it was
important to me
that the information was presented in a nonpartisan way.
And so, all of the sources that are linked on
this site are official government sources. They've just been
arranged in a way to help the voter understand the flow
of the process in the clearest possible way.
Hopefully, you'll tell us if that's not the case. So, with that,
the next goal is precisely that kind of
user interface. A one-stop-shop, streamlined approach
that's state-specific, that is self-contained
in a single image, basically a single flowchart, ideally. Though, I will
point out that there were a couple states that the process is unfortunately
complicated enough that two connected flowcharts
were required. So,
that was an interesting observation that I ran across as I
was building these flowcharts. So, the goal here is also to have high accuracy,
trustworthy, current information. And so, this
project will be updated on a regular basis with the assistance
of a postdoc
and a research assistant or two and
the kind people of the internet, I hope.
And so, ideally, we'll end up with an easy-to-follow
set of explainers for voters
to help them be set up for success and to give them the confidence
that their process of voting
had sort of maximum legitimacy and that their
votes were likely counted
correctly in the way that the intent of the voter
would dictate. So, this all seemed
doable and we started building. So, my postdoc,
Michael Antonino, who is giving a talk tomorrow morning
or I guess early afternoon, depending on which time zone you're in.
Tomorrow, Sunday, in the Ethics Village, Michael Antonino will be talking
about blackmail and extortion, so something completely different.
But he's been very helpful on this project as well. So,
Mike did an initial cut on aggregating some of the state-specific
information for a set of criteria that I thought
would be good to include in these flowcharts. And
then he also started making video content because we figured helping with
engagement once these 50-plus flowcharts
were made that that was going to be a major challenge. So,
I started making flowcharts and I thought
this would be a relatively straightforward process, just a bit time-consuming.
It was not a relatively straightforward process. So, this project
has been going on for over two months and it's still not
finished. In fact, some states
haven't finalized their voting processes and we're less than 90 days
to the election. So, it's gotten to the point where
we are emailing and calling individual county offices
in certain states to try to figure out what the voting process is
for the citizens of their jurisdictions. And as
I mentioned previously, it's definitely not mobile
optimized yet. But what was somewhat
startling to us is that there are counties that don't even have websites
and that the Secretary of State of
one state in particular has
merely a direction, when we last checked, to go to the individual counties
and ask them. So, there have been challenges
getting some of this information, though allegedly that particular
Secretary of State is going to have some guidance released soon.
So, with that, here are a few observations
of things that I noticed as I was making these flow charts
about the way that some of these election structures
have been set up. So, there were a few
Secretary of State websites that left me
with an impression that maximum voter registration
was not necessarily the goal. I was surprised that
in at least one case, when you type in the words voter registration
into the search bar on the Secretary of State website, there
was no usable information that came up.
Even in the formal FAQ for voters in that particular
Secretary of State website, the process of
registration was dismissed. Now, ultimately
as you'll see if you
figure out which state I'm talking about here, there is
a national postcard format for
voter registration. So, that particular flow chart links
to that national document that is put out by the Election
Assistance Commission. But, the process
was not transparent from
the way that the website
was set up. They didn't even really
describe it. So, I can't say the way they described it. Other states
have set up signature challenge processes that
in my mind are signaling that they intend to use signature challenges
somewhat aggressively. And
so, the kinds of secondary
issues that flow from that signature
challenge posture and set of processes is that in
situations where you have postal delays,
as I mentioned, you may not be able to have the round trip
of a voter mailing in a ballot,
having a signature challenge occur, or sending in a request
for an absentee ballot and having that request deemed
to have a non-conforming signature and then get
tossed out to leave the
voter without necessarily enough time to try again and correct
whatever imperfections existed. In some states
in particular, they've signaled that if your signature
doesn't look identical enough to
the way that you signed your driver's license or the way that you signed
your voter registration card, for example, if one has a middle
initial and the other signature doesn't, or if you signed with only
an initial and your last name on one but you signed with your full name on
another, those kinds of
minor mismatches are enough to disqualify
a particular request for an application or a particular ballot
if that signature on the outside of the envelope is
non-conforming to the baseline of whatever the document is
that they're using. And sometimes the baseline of which
document it is and which signature it is is not always
crystal clear. In some states, they encourage
you to update your signature so that you
are sure that there will be a match.
But this is something
that many voters would not necessarily anticipate
to be a dynamic that would impact their voting process. There are
some states that have relatively late ballot mailing dates in the middle of
October. While under normal circumstances, that
may not be an unduly
short time frame for a round trip
of requesting a ballot, getting a ballot, and sending it in
even with perhaps a challenge on the back end of that.
In a situation where we have a significantly
greater number of people requesting ballots
by mail and where you have
postal delays, as we've already been seeing,
that is adding to the stress on the system and again
making it more likely that a voter may face challenges. The
latest guidance from the U.S. Post Office
is to plan 15 days for
transit of a ballot. Most voters
are unlikely to expect a
need for a 15-day planning
window, a buffer for their vote
to make it back to
their election officials for purposes of counting.
And then finally, there are states that
have some unique quirks. For example, one state
requires that the voter type out the exact
date of the election that the voter is
seeking to participate in. While in most other states, there's sort of a
checkbox, general election, primary, and maybe they even
provide the date next to the checkbox that
you might be choosing. But in this particular state,
they are very clear that if you get
the date of the election wrong at all, when you type it
out or write it out by hand, your request
for a ballot will be excluded.
There are also states that require a copy of a
photo ID for receiving a mail-in ballot, even if you're already
registered to vote. Other states require notarization
of your ballot request or your actual ballot.
And some states similarly request witnesses. In some
states, those witnesses must be voters. In other states, they only
need to be adults over age 18. Some states
pay postage on the return envelopes for ballots,
but other states do not. And some of those
states that don't have a disclaimer and a warning that
voters need to apply enough postage, but they
don't necessarily tell voters what amount
is the necessary postage that should be affixed
to a particular ballot. So the actual stamp count
is not necessarily clear. So that's something else that voters might be
unprepared for or find challenging to ascertain.
And then in one case,
there was a situation where
a state had a county that was subject to the requirements under
the Help America Vote Act to translate materials into Spanish because
of the number of Spanish
speaking residents. And
the county had one line of Spanish on
the website, which just basically referred
Spanish speakers to the English version of the site. So we contacted
them and we asked where the Spanish language materials were.
We didn't get an explanation, but what was interesting is that
poking around on the website,
we were able to uncover an archived copy
of an earlier set of translated documents that were no
longer linked up. And they were from a prior year, so
perhaps they were out of date. But nevertheless,
there was sometimes the risk of a language
barrier that might prevent some citizens from
fully participating in the electoral process.
So these were some of the concerns that we had in mind.
Okay, so as of today, here's what's done. We have
flowcharts for almost every state finished. The basic structure of every page
is finished. There are non-copyright
infringing photos that are different for every state. And I'd just like to put
in a plug for any of you looking for a novel market opportunity.
The world needs more attractive mailboxes. There was a shortage of attractive
mailbox pictures in the public domain. I went through
a lot of pictures of mailboxes. And there are a lot of really unattractive
mailboxes in this world. So
believe it or not, this actually became sort of
a bit of a problem because we wanted to get
a unique mailbox for each state
as a sign of respect, if nothing else. And so it became
a bit of a challenge finding those last few mailboxes. And you'll
see on a later slide that this is one of the items that
we flag as possible optimization. So what's
not done? The mobile optimization, not done, but it's in progress. There's a learn here
more button on the front of the site on the homepage.
That's also in progress and that's just going to be a discussion
about the differences of
kind of the risk mitigation of
different ways of voting and the
options in general of the three possible methods.
So request a ballot at home, receive it at home,
request a ballot at home, drop it off in person
or voting in person. Proofreading,
not done. Translations, not done.
There's a new section for each state that we're building
out and so that's in progress. There is a very elaborate spreadsheet
that's fast on its way to being
updated and also that will stay current. Getting the word
out and getting some viral spread to help people
realize that there is a potentially useful
resource, that is obviously not done because the site's not done yet.
And the state of Mississippi, not yet finished partially because
they're still finalizing their processes.
So your help would be very much appreciated
with proofing states.
Some of the states even that are done, they need
to do a... they need a refresher
because of the slipping delays
with the post office. So some of the earliest states
on the flowcharts, they may have had
buffer dates that were not a full 15 days out
because at that point in time the guidance was 7 days out.
So some of the dates may need to be refreshed.
A bunch of them I caught, but some of them I may have missed.
And so the translations would be something
that would be a section
that for those of you who are gifted in various languages
help would be much appreciated. And in particular
getting the word out about the existence of this resource to
voters who might find it helpful would be
very much appreciated. So first proofing, so if you go to
pilotlab.org backslash vote on a machine again
because, you know, see lack of mobile optimization supra, but that will happen
I promise. You can start proofing
by picking a state, any state, and you should see a pop-up
come up. The pop-up will either say high volume state
or high volume election depending on whether
there is a likelihood that a particular state
will have a potentially
contentious
race with an unusually high volume
of ballots by mail comparatively.
So when you see the pop-up
come up, well first does the pop-up come up, check
it out, see if there is a typographical error or anything
looking off, and then click through it to the flowchart.
So each state has a unique flowchart and unique
photos and unique content. So please look for bugs,
look at the flowchart, attempt to follow the steps on the flowchart. Are the links
correct? Are the flowcharts intuitive?
Is the mailbox picture
acceptable or is there a mailbox picture that you take a look
at and you think, wow, that's insulting.
That's an insulting looking mailbox. Not our intent
at all, but there were two states where I already got feedback
that the particular mailbox that was selected looked a little sad.
Understood, swapped out image.
So hopefully those mailboxes look nicer now.
So is there a mailbox that looks particularly ugly or weird?
Or is the other photo, which is intended to be
state specific,
a good choice for highlighting
the particular state?
Each state has lovely parts to it, and so
each state deserves to have its natural
beauty highlighted. Are there other user interface issues?
Is there something that looks a little off? Is there
an arrow that somehow moved over somewhere where it
shouldn't be? Are there layout problems? Other things?
Make note of all of this. All of these kinds of comments
are much appreciated. And at the bottom
of each page, there is a
as you can see from the image on the slide, there is a link
that takes you to a feedback form
where you can type in the state, choose from
a drop down set of issues, one of which is other, and tell us
what optimization or correction
you would recommend.
Also, make note if you see that there might be some process
problems of the kinds that I was mentioning, where
a voter might not expect to have
a challenge
in the way of her vote being
counted. So, is there some kind of process
vulnerability that we missed? Walk through
the flow chart, for example. Here is one example in the state of
Kansas. The timing of the mailing out of
the absentee ballots does not appear to leave enough time
for that round trip of the ballot in case
of a signature challenge. So, think about the registration
process, the process of requesting a ballot, the process of returning the ballot,
and the possibility of a challenge post-return
where the voter will be asked to demonstrate
the entitlement to cast the ballot or to
correct the ballot in some other
way because of the way that the voter filled it out.
Same thing, let us know. Use the feedback link on the bottom of each page, please.
Second, translations. Perhaps you are lucky
enough to speak one or more languages other than
English. Or perhaps you have a particularly gifted multilingual
friend. As my friends often find out,
requests to help me with my projects
are a regular occurrence. So, maybe you have a really
generous friend that will also want to help us out
with this project that just kept getting bigger.
So, please help us out. If you click on
the translate drop-down.
So, on the home page
there is a language drop-down. The translate is at the bottom of the various
language choices. So, if you pick a state, you
take a look at the flow chart
and if you translate step-by-step
the steps are actually numbered. And so is the form, as I will show you here.
Go down to the translate drop-down. That opens an interface
for translation. And there are numbers for
steps. And each state then has numbered steps as well
in the flow chart. So, for example, step 1
could correspond to step 1 there. All languages are
welcome. The list of languages in the drop-down is not
intended to be exclusive. It's purely the happenstance
of the various languages that we have ready access
to. And even so,
the volunteers who speak those languages
are sometimes time-limited
and so they can only contribute in one state or two states. So, just
because a language is represented does not mean that we have full coverage on it.
So, if you happen to be fluent in that language, please go for it.
Please take as many states as
you can stomach translating and
contribute your multilingual skills
to this project. It would be much appreciated. And so,
third and finally, the process of
helping us get the word out and keeping things current and updated.
So, the site is going to be final by August 17th. So, at that
point, we're going to start pushing
it out through various media, hoping to
get it into the view
of voters who might be assisted by it. So, if you would be kind
enough to help us spread the word through your social media accounts or
otherwise lists,
email lists still exist. I'm on a lot of email lists.
Or whatever other means that you wish. There is
another form on the site. It's at pilotlab.org backslash
tellme. And so, if you'd be kind enough to fill in
some kind of desired greeting, whatever that may be.
It doesn't have to be your name. We don't really need that necessarily.
It's just a contact method. And this is purely
for the purposes of this project to let you know that the project is finished so that
you can, if you're kind enough
to assist us in rolling it out.
We will be destroying this information after this project.
So, one shot thing.
Pilot Lab doesn't keep lists. I can tell you that with certainty because
I manage the social media accounts and I don't have time to keep lists.
So, this will be a one shot deal
if you're kind enough to contribute some contact information to this and help us with this rollout.
So, on the 17th when the site is
done, we'll send you a little
notification that the site is done. Or if you
would prefer to
just throw it on your calendar for the 17th
that would be great too. Right around there.
Maybe a little bit earlier. I hope. It might be earlier.
I'm hoping. So, after that
once it's been sort of officially launched, there's
always the challenge of ongoing currency. So, as I
mentioned, we are monitoring news stories in
every state around developments in
voting at home. And it is
nevertheless useful if you happen to run across a story that's relevant
to a particular state to make sure that we've seen it.
If it's not already listed in the news section on that
site, if you'd be kind enough to
tweet it at us, that would be really helpful. There are two Twitter
accounts that Pilot Lab runs. One of which is linked
off of the homepage at the bottom under
contact. But also, this is a Pilot Lab project
the Penn State Cows, which is
an ag tech IOT rural broadband
project. But if you like cows or sheep
or goats or llamas or alpacas
because they're different. They're completely different.
This feed might be to your liking.
So, the almost
900 now followers are
almost entirely farmers from all over the world. And
InfoSec Twitter has nothing on Ag Twitter.
That is all I will say. I've learned a lot in the last year running this
account. And I look forward to getting into conversations
with any of you about the different methods of bathing sheep or hoof
trimming, which is a theoretical matter I now know a lot about.
Maybe someday I'll actually learn how to do that
in practice. But I don't have those skills, but I can
ask some questions about those topics now.
Anyway, I'll stop. So, tweet at the Penn
State Cows. Another great way to get our attention with news stories.
Drop us an email to pilotlab.psu.edu
or feel free to use the feedback form on the bottom of the relevant
state that's the subject of the news story. Whatever means is convenient.
We just appreciate your contributions
because keeping this current is
going to be a challenge, of course, but
we will do our best. So, you'll be familiar with
the feedback form at the bottom of these pages, I'm sure.
And then finally, and this is my last slide,
third-party attacks may have already started on various
states' voting at home structures,
which isn't a good sign. Fairfax County
pushed out on Facebook a warning to its followers
that some mailings have already started showing up
in mailboxes of voters that
create the impression that they are from Fairfax County.
They are not actually from Fairfax County.
Because of this warning, I realized we
needed a potential scam alert page.
When some activity that is verified
and raises concern of
potential voter confusion comes up,
it will be added to this potential scam alert page, and
as you can see on the Virginia example that's on the
slide, there will be a notice advising
voters to check out what's going on with the particular
questionable conduct. So, if you run across
some mailings, posts,
that appear to be trying to confuse voters
and are from a source that is misrepresenting
itself as an official government source, for example, such as this case
that Fairfax County's impression
of the particular mailing at issue,
please let us know through either the feedback form on the bottom
of the page for the relevant state, or
if you go to the URL that's listed here, pilotlab.org
backslash votescams, you can also submit
that information through another interface on that page.
Or, feel free to tweet it at us, drop us an email,
all methods are welcome and much
appreciated. So, I will leave the slides
there. The URL
is, again, pilotlab.org
backslash vote.
I'll just put it back to the front here.
I will be around for Q&A after this.
If any of you have specific questions about the project
or about particular states,
I'd be happy to engage with you.
Any contributions of your time that you can
give in connection with this workshop would be greatly appreciated
because 50 plus is a lot of states.
We're a very large country.
So, thank you for your attention and thank you in advance for
your contributions of time to this project.
Hi everybody. So, thank you again for attending
that pre-recorded talk. So, just as a heads up, Andrea is actually
in the chat right now for general text.
She will be available and taking live questions starting
at 1.40 p.m. Pacific time. So, please stay in the chat.
I know it's 12.40 right now, so about an hour, give or take.
She'll be around, if not now, to start fielding some questions.
Also, as we go forward, after
about, let's say, 2.10 p.m. PDT
Pacific time, we're going to have the Federal Trade Commission
Commissioner Rohit Chopra follow the same format. He's going to have
a pre-recorded talk, but we'll be taking live
questions again after his pre-recorded talk. Following
his presentation, we'll have Jessica Wilkerson of the Food and Drug Administration
as well. She also has a pre-recorded talk, but we'll be fielding
live questions after that. And to end the day today, also,
we will have Liza Logan of Tech Congress. So, Liza will
be fielding questions after the pre-recorded talk.
And, yeah, stick around, I guess, for a little bit longer. Please talk amongst yourselves
until we continue. And thank you again for coming to
DEF CON slash Ethics Village 2020.
If you have any questions, let us know.
Hi, folks. For those of you that are in the EV Talks voice, once again,
we will be having a live discussion from the last video,
a pre-recorded talk by Andrea, or known as
Adgracy, in the chat. If you missed anything, I have just pasted
the YouTube link where you can watch portions or the whole video
again. It will be starting at 1.40 p.m. Pacific
time. If you have any questions in the meantime, please feel free to queue them up
inside the chat, and she will get to them accordingly.
So, yeah, I'll see you all soon.
Alright, folks. We're about to get started here in a few.
I think we have... Andrea, can you hear us
in the chat? Or can you hear me?
I can hear if you can hear me. Awesome, awesome.
So, everybody, if you have any questions regarding
the presentation that just occurred with the
Vote at Home workshop, please post them in the chat now. Anything...
folks have been slowly asking some questions, I believe.
I saw there was some mailbox shaming discussion
that amused me. We can
talk a little bit about some of the maybe cool
mailboxes you've all seen, or if it is ethical to have a crappy mailbox
to annoy your housing, your HOA folks,
or what have you. But please post your questions
in the chat. Right now, I'm going to introduce our speakers.
So, Andrea, how do you pronounce your last name?
It rhymes with sedition, tuition, extradition,
my kind friends say magician,
rendition, you know, there's a lot.
So, for those of you that were here yesterday, I've been butchering people's names,
we have Andrea Matt-Busham, and a little bit about her.
So, she is the Associate Dean of Innovation,
Professor at Penn State Law, University Park. She is a
Professor of Penn State Engineering, and she's also
the Founding Director of the Penn State Policy Innovation Lab of Tomorrow.
I don't know if you all heard, we're here for yesterday's talks,
but there were several representatives of the pilot lab as well.
So, without further ado, if you all want to start fielding
some questions, please feel free.
But before we begin, what is the most horrible
mailbox you've seen so far, Andrea?
The ones that my friend Miranda made me replace, because she was
horrified that I would even consider leaving
them up. There are a lot of well-loved
mailboxes, like wooden ones that have been around
for a long time, and...
am I still...?
Well-worn ones that have
been weather-battered and well-loved and well-used by
many series of homeowners, and so there were a
few of those that were just sort of washed out, the wooden planks were washed out
from the elements, or there were...