{
    "id": "CVE-2004-2761",
    "published": "2009-01-05 20:30:02",
    "last_modified": "2026-06-16 22:10:17",
    "cvss_score": "9.8",
    "cvss_severity": "CRITICAL",
    "cvss_version": "3.1",
    "cvss_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
    "cwe": "CWE-310",
    "description": "The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm is not collision resistant, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to conduct spoofing attacks, as demonstrated by attacks on the use of MD5 in the signature algorithm of an X.509 certificate.",
    "epss_score": "0.09934",
    "epss_percentile": "0.95438",
    "kev": 0,
    "kev_due": null,
    "has_exploit": 1,
    "updated_at": "2026-09-27 18:17:04",
    "priority": {
        "rank": 2,
        "label": "Patch early",
        "why": "A public exploit exists."
    },
    "products": [
        {
            "vendor": "ietf",
            "product": "md5"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "ietf",
            "product": "x.509_certificate"
        }
    ],
    "kev_detail": null,
    "exploits": [
        {
            "source": "exploit-db",
            "ref_id": "24807",
            "title": "MD5 - Message Digest Algorithm Hash Collision",
            "date": "2004-12-07",
            "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/24807"
        }
    ],
    "refs_list": [
        "http://blog.mozilla.com/security/2008/12/30/md5-weaknesses-could-lead-to-certificate-forgery/",
        "http://blogs.technet.com/swi/archive/2008/12/30/information-regarding-md5-collisions-problem.aspx",
        "http://secunia.com/advisories/33826",
        "http://secunia.com/advisories/34281",
        "http://secunia.com/advisories/42181",
        "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/4866",
        "http://securitytracker.com/id?1024697",
        "http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_security_response09186a0080a5d24a.html",
        "http://www.doxpara.com/research/md5/md5_someday.pdf",
        "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/836068",
        "http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/advisory/961509.mspx",
        "http://www.phreedom.org/research/rogue-ca/",
        "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/499685/100/0/threaded",
        "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/33065",
        "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/usn-740-1",
        "http://www.win.tue.nl/hashclash/SoftIntCodeSign/",
        "http://www.win.tue.nl/hashclash/rogue-ca/",
        "https://blogs.verisign.com/ssl-blog/2008/12/on_md5_vulnerabilities_and_mit.php",
        "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=648886",
        "https://h20566.www2.hpe.com/portal/site/hpsc/public/kb/docDisplay?docId=emr_na-c05289935",
        "https://h20566.www2.hpe.com/portal/site/hpsc/public/kb/docDisplay?docId=emr_na-c05336888",
        "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSMA-18-058-02",
        "https://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2010-0837.html",
        "https://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2010-0838.html",
        "https://support.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docLocale=en_US&docId=emr_na-hpesbhf03814en_us"
    ]
}