{
    "id": "CVE-2013-2251",
    "published": "2013-07-20 03:37:30",
    "last_modified": "2026-06-16 23:53:01",
    "cvss_score": "9.8",
    "cvss_severity": "CRITICAL",
    "cvss_version": "3.1",
    "cvss_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
    "cwe": "CWE-74",
    "description": "Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.15 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL expressions via a parameter with a crafted (1) action:, (2) redirect:, or (3) redirectAction: prefix.",
    "epss_score": "0.99998",
    "epss_percentile": "0.99990",
    "kev": 1,
    "kev_due": "2022-04-15",
    "has_exploit": 1,
    "updated_at": "2026-09-26 18:18:53",
    "priority": {
        "rank": 1,
        "label": "Patch first",
        "why": "On CISA KEV — known exploited in the wild, due 2022-04-15."
    },
    "products": [
        {
            "vendor": "apache",
            "product": "archiva"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "apache",
            "product": "struts"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "fujitsu",
            "product": "interstage_business_process_manager_analytics"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "microsoft",
            "product": "windows_server_2003"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "microsoft",
            "product": "windows_server_2008"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "microsoft",
            "product": "windows_server_2012"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "oracle",
            "product": "siebel_apps_-_e-billing"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "oracle",
            "product": "solaris"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "redhat",
            "product": "enterprise_linux"
        }
    ],
    "kev_detail": {
        "cve_id": "CVE-2013-2251",
        "date_added": "2022-03-25",
        "due_date": "2022-04-15",
        "vendor": "Apache",
        "product": "Struts",
        "name": "Apache Struts Improper Input Validation Vulnerability",
        "ransomware": 0
    },
    "exploits": [
        {
            "source": "exploit-db",
            "ref_id": "44583",
            "title": "Apache Struts2 2.0.0 < 2.3.15 - Prefixed Parameters OGNL Injection",
            "date": "2014-01-14",
            "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44583"
        },
        {
            "source": "exploit-db",
            "ref_id": "27135",
            "title": "Apache Struts 2 - DefaultActionMapper Prefixes OGNL Code Execution (Metasploit)",
            "date": "2013-07-27",
            "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/27135"
        }
    ],
    "refs_list": [
        "http://archiva.apache.org/security.html",
        "http://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2014010087",
        "http://osvdb.org/98445",
        "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159629/Apache-Struts-2-Remote-Code-Execution.html",
        "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2013/Oct/96",
        "http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2014/q1/89",
        "http://struts.apache.org/release/2.3.x/docs/s2-016.html",
        "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20131023-struts2",
        "http://www.fujitsu.com/global/support/software/security/products-f/interstage-bpm-analytics-201301e.html",
        "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujan2014-1972949.html",
        "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujul2015-2367936.html",
        "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/61189",
        "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/64758",
        "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1029184",
        "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1032916",
        "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/90392",
        "http://archiva.apache.org/security.html",
        "http://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2014010087",
        "http://osvdb.org/98445",
        "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159629/Apache-Struts-2-Remote-Code-Execution.html",
        "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2013/Oct/96",
        "http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2014/q1/89",
        "http://struts.apache.org/release/2.3.x/docs/s2-016.html",
        "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20131023-struts2",
        "http://www.fujitsu.com/global/support/software/security/products-f/interstage-bpm-analytics-201301e.html"
    ]
}