{
    "id": "CVE-2014-0094",
    "published": "2014-03-11 13:00:37",
    "last_modified": "2026-06-17 00:02:14",
    "cvss_score": "5.0",
    "cvss_severity": "MEDIUM",
    "cvss_version": "2.0",
    "cvss_vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N",
    "cwe": null,
    "description": "The ParametersInterceptor in Apache Struts before 2.3.16.2 allows remote attackers to \"manipulate\" the ClassLoader via the class parameter, which is passed to the getClass method.",
    "epss_score": "0.99566",
    "epss_percentile": "0.99945",
    "kev": 0,
    "kev_due": null,
    "has_exploit": 1,
    "updated_at": "2026-09-26 18:19:13",
    "priority": {
        "rank": 2,
        "label": "Patch early",
        "why": "A public exploit exists."
    },
    "products": [
        {
            "vendor": "apache",
            "product": "struts"
        }
    ],
    "kev_detail": null,
    "exploits": [
        {
            "source": "exploit-db",
            "ref_id": "33142",
            "title": "Apache Struts - ClassLoader Manipulation Remote Code Execution (Metasploit)",
            "date": "2014-05-02",
            "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/33142"
        },
        {
            "source": "exploit-db",
            "ref_id": "41690",
            "title": "Apache Struts < 1.3.10 / < 2.3.16.2 - ClassLoader Manipulation Remote Code Execution (Metasploit)",
            "date": "2014-03-06",
            "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/41690"
        }
    ],
    "refs_list": [
        "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN19294237/index.html",
        "http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2014-000045",
        "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/127215/VMware-Security-Advisory-2014-0007.html",
        "http://secunia.com/advisories/56440",
        "http://secunia.com/advisories/59178",
        "http://struts.apache.org/release/2.3.x/docs/s2-020.html",
        "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21676706",
        "http://www.huawei.com/en/security/psirt/security-bulletins/security-advisories/hw-350733.htm",
        "http://www.konakart.com/downloads/ver-7-3-0-0-whats-new",
        "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpuapr2015-2365600.html",
        "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/531362/100/0/threaded",
        "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/532549/100/0/threaded",
        "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/65999",
        "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1029876",
        "http://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2014-0007.html",
        "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN19294237/index.html",
        "http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2014-000045",
        "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/127215/VMware-Security-Advisory-2014-0007.html",
        "http://secunia.com/advisories/56440",
        "http://secunia.com/advisories/59178",
        "http://struts.apache.org/release/2.3.x/docs/s2-020.html",
        "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21676706",
        "http://www.huawei.com/en/security/psirt/security-bulletins/security-advisories/hw-350733.htm",
        "http://www.konakart.com/downloads/ver-7-3-0-0-whats-new",
        "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpuapr2015-2365600.html"
    ]
}