{
    "id": "CVE-2016-8655",
    "published": "2016-12-08 08:59:00",
    "last_modified": "2026-06-17 00:54:45",
    "cvss_score": "7.8",
    "cvss_severity": "HIGH",
    "cvss_version": "3.1",
    "cvss_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
    "cwe": "CWE-362",
    "description": "Race condition in net/packet/af_packet.c in the Linux kernel through 4.8.12 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (use-after-free) by leveraging the CAP_NET_RAW capability to change a socket version, related to the packet_set_ring and packet_setsockopt functions.",
    "epss_score": "0.11127",
    "epss_percentile": "0.95824",
    "kev": 0,
    "kev_due": null,
    "has_exploit": 1,
    "updated_at": "2026-10-03 18:17:16",
    "priority": {
        "rank": 2,
        "label": "Patch early",
        "why": "A public exploit exists."
    },
    "products": [
        {
            "vendor": "canonical",
            "product": "ubuntu_linux"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "linux",
            "product": "linux_kernel"
        }
    ],
    "kev_detail": null,
    "exploits": [
        {
            "source": "exploit-db",
            "ref_id": "47170",
            "title": "Linux Kernel 4.4.0-21 < 4.4.0-51 (Ubuntu 14.04/16.04 x64) - 'AF_PACKET' Race Condition Privilege Escalation",
            "date": "2018-12-29",
            "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47170"
        },
        {
            "source": "exploit-db",
            "ref_id": "44696",
            "title": "Linux 4.4.0 < 4.4.0-53 - 'AF_PACKET chocobo_root' Local Privilege Escalation (Metasploit)",
            "date": "2018-05-22",
            "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44696"
        },
        {
            "source": "exploit-db",
            "ref_id": "40871",
            "title": "Linux Kernel 4.4.0 (Ubuntu 14.04/16.04 x86-64) - 'AF_PACKET' Race Condition Privilege Escalation",
            "date": "2016-12-06",
            "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40871"
        }
    ],
    "refs_list": [
        "http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=84ac7260236a49c79eede91617700174c2c19b0c",
        "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-12/msg00044.html",
        "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-12/msg00054.html",
        "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-12/msg00055.html",
        "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-12/msg00056.html",
        "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-12/msg00067.html",
        "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-12/msg00070.html",
        "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-12/msg00073.html",
        "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-12/msg00076.html",
        "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-12/msg00077.html",
        "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-12/msg00087.html",
        "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/140063/Linux-Kernel-4.4.0-AF_PACKET-Race-Condition-Privilege-Escalation.html",
        "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0386.html",
        "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0387.html",
        "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0402.html",
        "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/12/06/1",
        "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94692",
        "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037403",
        "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037968",
        "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3149-1",
        "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3149-2",
        "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3150-1",
        "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3150-2",
        "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3151-1",
        "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3151-2"
    ]
}