{
    "id": "CVE-2023-28725",
    "published": "2023-03-22 00:15:12",
    "last_modified": "2026-06-17 05:48:38",
    "cvss_score": "9.1",
    "cvss_severity": "CRITICAL",
    "cvss_version": "3.1",
    "cvss_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
    "cwe": "CWE-434",
    "description": "General Bytes Crypto Application Server (CAS) 20230120, as distributed with General Bytes BATM devices, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java code by uploading a Java application to the /batm/app/admin/standalone/deployments directory, aka BATM-4780, as exploited in the wild in March 2023. This is fixed in 20221118.48 and 20230120.44.",
    "epss_score": "0.20614",
    "epss_percentile": "0.97455",
    "kev": 0,
    "kev_due": null,
    "has_exploit": 0,
    "updated_at": "2026-10-03 18:17:37",
    "priority": {
        "rank": 2,
        "label": "Patch early",
        "why": "EPSS 20.6% — above the 10% action threshold."
    },
    "products": [
        {
            "vendor": "generalbytes",
            "product": "crypto_application_server"
        }
    ],
    "kev_detail": null,
    "exploits": [],
    "refs_list": [
        "https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/03/hackers-drain-bitcoin-atms-of-1-5-million-by-exploiting-0-day-bug/",
        "https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/2885222430/Security+Incident+March+17-18th+2023",
        "https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/951418958/Update+CAS",
        "https://twitter.com/generalbytes/status/1637192687160897537",
        "https://web3isgoinggreat.com/single/general-bytes-crypto-atms-exploited-for-over-1-6-million",
        "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/general-bytes-bitcoin-atms-hacked-using-zero-day-15m-stolen/",
        "https://www.generalbytes.com/en/support/changelog",
        "https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/03/hackers-drain-bitcoin-atms-of-1-5-million-by-exploiting-0-day-bug/",
        "https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/2885222430/Security+Incident+March+17-18th+2023",
        "https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/951418958/Update+CAS",
        "https://twitter.com/generalbytes/status/1637192687160897537",
        "https://web3isgoinggreat.com/single/general-bytes-crypto-atms-exploited-for-over-1-6-million",
        "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/general-bytes-bitcoin-atms-hacked-using-zero-day-15m-stolen/",
        "https://www.generalbytes.com/en/support/changelog"
    ]
}