{
    "id": "CVE-2023-28771",
    "published": "2023-04-25 02:15:08",
    "last_modified": "2026-06-17 05:48:44",
    "cvss_score": "9.8",
    "cvss_severity": "CRITICAL",
    "cvss_version": "3.1",
    "cvss_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
    "cwe": "CWE-78",
    "description": "Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, and ATP series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device.",
    "epss_score": "0.99284",
    "epss_percentile": "0.99937",
    "kev": 1,
    "kev_due": "2023-06-21",
    "has_exploit": 0,
    "updated_at": "2026-09-26 18:31:38",
    "priority": {
        "rank": 1,
        "label": "Patch first",
        "why": "On CISA KEV — known exploited in the wild, due 2023-06-21."
    },
    "products": [
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp100"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp100_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp100w"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp100w_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp200"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp200_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp500"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp500_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp700"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp700_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp800"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "atp800_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_100"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_100_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_100w"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_100w_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_200"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_200_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_50"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_50_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_500"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_500_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_50w"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_50w_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_700"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "usg_flex_700_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "vpn100"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "vpn100_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "vpn1000"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "vpn1000_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "vpn300"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "vpn300_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "vpn50"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "vpn50_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "zywall_usg_100"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "zywall_usg_100_firmware"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "zywall_usg_310"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "zyxel",
            "product": "zywall_usg_310_firmware"
        }
    ],
    "kev_detail": {
        "cve_id": "CVE-2023-28771",
        "date_added": "2023-05-31",
        "due_date": "2023-06-21",
        "vendor": "Zyxel",
        "product": "Multiple Firewalls",
        "name": "Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection Vulnerability",
        "ransomware": 0
    },
    "exploits": [],
    "refs_list": [
        "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html",
        "https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls",
        "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172820/Zyxel-IKE-Packet-Decoder-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html",
        "https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-remote-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls",
        "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-28771"
    ]
}