{
    "id": "CVE-2023-41991",
    "published": "2023-09-21 19:15:11",
    "last_modified": "2026-06-17 06:23:13",
    "cvss_score": "5.5",
    "cvss_severity": "MEDIUM",
    "cvss_version": "3.1",
    "cvss_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
    "cwe": "CWE-295",
    "description": "A certificate validation issue was addressed. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.6, iOS 16.7 and iPadOS 16.7. A malicious app may be able to bypass signature validation. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited against versions of iOS before iOS 16.7.",
    "epss_score": "0.13380",
    "epss_percentile": "0.96290",
    "kev": 1,
    "kev_due": "2023-10-16",
    "has_exploit": 0,
    "updated_at": "2026-09-26 18:32:37",
    "priority": {
        "rank": 1,
        "label": "Patch first",
        "why": "On CISA KEV — known exploited in the wild, due 2023-10-16."
    },
    "products": [
        {
            "vendor": "apple",
            "product": "ipados"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "apple",
            "product": "iphone_os"
        },
        {
            "vendor": "apple",
            "product": "macos"
        }
    ],
    "kev_detail": {
        "cve_id": "CVE-2023-41991",
        "date_added": "2023-09-25",
        "due_date": "2023-10-16",
        "vendor": "Apple",
        "product": "Multiple Products",
        "name": "Apple Multiple Products Improper Certificate Validation Vulnerability",
        "ransomware": 0
    },
    "exploits": [],
    "refs_list": [
        "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213927",
        "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213931",
        "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213927",
        "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213931",
        "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213927",
        "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213931",
        "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-41991"
    ]
}